{
 "meta": {
  "compiled_on": "6 August 2026",
  "countries_targeted": 197,
  "method_signature": "parallel multi-agent research + verification against primary sources",
  "uia": {
   "sections": 117,
   "architectes_revendiques": 745665
  },
  "method": [
   [
    "What this atlas counts",
    "Architects REGISTERED with the official body of their country — not graduates, not de facto practitioners. Where registration runs through an engineers' union (glyph ▤), the architecture division's own headcount is given when one exists."
   ],
   [
    "Grades A · B · C · D",
    "A — nominal list downloadable in bulk (open data, roster, published register). B — public register searchable online, no download. C — official headcount published, register not searchable. D — estimate or association list only."
   ],
   [
    "Cross-checks",
    "Every headcount is dated and sourced (link in the record). Europe: cross-checked against the ACE 2024 sector study. World: set against the list of the UIA's 117 member sections. Alternative lists (associations such as RIBA or AIA, directories) are given country by country."
   ],
   [
    "Known traps",
    "Japan: the ~370,000 first-class kenchikushi are mostly building engineers — the figure is not comparable to an architects' order. Federal states (United States, Canada, Australia, Argentina, Germany…): registration is subnational and the aggregate comes from the coordinating body. South Africa: SACAP counts several categories, only « professional architects » are retained. Greece and the Arab world: registration is merged with engineers."
   ],
   [
    "Density",
    "Architects per 100,000 inhabitants, UN 2024 population rounded — an order-of-magnitude indicator, not a fine statistic."
   ],
   [
    "What this atlas is not",
    "A worldwide directory of named individuals. Lists of people stay with their publishers and are linked from here; the raw harvested files are kept outside the public repository (GDPR) — the catalogue keeps the link to every source."
   ]
  ]
 },
 "countries": [
  {
   "iso2": "ZA",
   "country_fr": "Afrique du Sud",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "South African Council for the Architectural Profession",
   "acronym": "SACAP",
   "body_type": "council",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 4418,
   "headcount_year": 2024,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://pmg.org.za/files/2023-24-south-african-council-for-the-architectural-profession-sacap-annual-report.pdf",
   "headcount_source_type": "official_report",
   "register_url": "https://search.mymembership.co.za/Search/?Id=4f3f0fde-d5dc-4af0-97cd-0a192a56830e",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "South African Institute of Architects (SAIA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://saia.org.za/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "Statutory council (Architectural Profession Act 44 of 2000). Category PITFALL: 2023/24 report = 11,564 registrants across ALL categories: 4,418 Professional Architects, 1,931 Senior Technologists, 1,116 Technologists, 1,371 Draughtspersons, 2,437 candidates… — count only the 4,418 PrArch. Searchable register (search by name), no downloadable list. SAIA = UIA section.",
   "population_m": 63.0,
   "uia_section": "South African Institute of Architects (SAIA)",
   "country": "South Africa"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "DZ",
   "country_fr": "Algérie",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Conseil National de l'Ordre des Architectes",
   "acronym": "CNOA",
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": false,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Legislative decree no. 94-07 of 18 May 1994, amended by law no. 04-06 (texts on cnoa.dz). The national register is NOT published online. The local wilaya councils used to publish lists, but their sites are dead (Mostaganem listed ~168 approved architects according to a cached copy). No sourced national headcount (fr+ar). UIA membership formalised at the Copenhagen congress, July 2023. The order is in recurrent crisis (a former president convicted, 2023).",
   "population_m": 46.0,
   "uia_section": "Conseil national de l'Ordre des architectes",
   "country": "Algeria"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "AO",
   "country_fr": "Angola",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Ordem dos Arquitectos de Angola",
   "acronym": "OA",
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 2056,
   "headcount_year": 2024,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://oarquitectos.ao/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/LISTA-OFICIAL-DOS-ARQUITECTOS-INSCRITOS-9.pdf",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "https://oarquitectos.ao/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": "https://oarquitectos.ao/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/LISTA-OFICIAL-DOS-ARQUITECTOS-INSCRITOS-9.pdf",
   "open_data_format": "PDF",
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "A",
   "notes": "UIA section. “Lista Oficial dos Arquitectos Inscritos” no. 9 (year 2024, online February 2025): 37-page nominal PDF, counted = 2,056 registrants (OA-0001 onwards; list no. 8 of August 2024: 1,876) — cumulative list. Admission by examination (the 12th scheduled for October 2026). Seat at Vila Alice, Luanda. Direct count of the Lista oficial 2024 (PDF of 13 February 2025), carried out on 5 August 2026: exactly 2,056, continuous index 1..2056; earlier state of August 2024: 1,876 registrants (+180 in six months).",
   "population_m": 37.0,
   "uia_section": "Ordem dos Arquitectos de Angola",
   "country": "Angola"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "BW",
   "country_fr": "Botswana",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Architects Registration Council",
   "acronym": "ARC",
   "body_type": "board",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 275,
   "headcount_year": 2025,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://arc.org.bw/registered-architectural-professionals/",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "https://arc.org.bw/registered-architectural-professionals/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": "https://arc.org.bw/registered-architectural-professionals/",
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Architects Association of Botswana (AAB)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": null,
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "A",
   "notes": "Board under Cap 61:08; annual register published as web tables: 2025 = 274 architects + 67 technologists + 9 draughtspersons — count only the 274. Bounded scopes of practice: technologist ≤250 m², draughtsperson ≤150 m². AAB = UIA section. CORRECTION 5 August 2026 (direct count of the 2025 register): 275 architects — the printed ranks stop at 274 but one line (01240350) is entered without a rank; + 68 technologists and 9 draughtspersons in the corpus annexes.",
   "population_m": 2.5,
   "uia_section": "Architects Association of Botswana",
   "country": "Botswana"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "BF",
   "country_fr": "Burkina Faso",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Ordre des Architectes du Burkina Faso",
   "acronym": "OAB",
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Active order: swearing-in ceremonies (18 admitted in 2016, 35 in 2021), a “Semaine de l’Architecte” (7 editions), president Ada Yaya Bocoum. A preliminary draft of a new law was undergoing validation (August 2024) — no law in force found, hence the obligations left null. The architectes.bf site is dead (DNS); no register and no headcount. Member of the Conférence des ordres UEMOA.",
   "population_m": 23.0,
   "uia_section": "Ordre des Architectes du Burkina Faso (OAB)",
   "country": "Burkina Faso"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "BI",
   "country_fr": "Burundi",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Association Burundaise des Architectes (no approved professional order)",
   "acronym": "Abarchi",
   "body_type": "association",
   "compulsory_registration": false,
   "protected_title": false,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Association Burundaise des Architectes (Abarchi)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.iwacu-burundi.org/rene-claude-ngendahayo-president-de-lassociation-des-architectes-du-burundi-nous-sommes-desarmes/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "No professional order: Abarchi (campaigning since 1980) was still seeking its official approval in 2013 — “anyone can claim to practise” (Iwacu, 17 June 2013). No creation of an order traced since; the regulation requiring plans drawn by architects “was never formalised”. No UIA member.",
   "population_m": 13.5,
   "country": "Burundi"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "BJ",
   "country_fr": "Bénin",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Ordre National des Architectes et des Urbanistes du Bénin (formerly ONAB)",
   "acronym": "ONAUB",
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 159,
   "headcount_year": 2024,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://www.onaub.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/BIEN.pdf",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "https://www.onaub.com/le-tableau-de-lonaub-professionnel/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": "https://www.onaub.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/BIEN.pdf",
   "open_data_format": "PDF",
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "A",
   "notes": "“Tableau de l’Ordre 2025 arrêté au 31 décembre 2024” (PDF verified): institution created by decree no. 83-388 of 1 November 1983. Count: full members no. 001 to 244 (sworn and authorised) + trainees no. 245 to 264. Online directory (onaub.com/annuaire). TRAP: the former site onabenin.org is dead but still indexed; ONAB renamed ONAUB (town planners brought in). Press 2022: 215→226 members — consistent with 244 at the end of 2024. Direct count from the register as at 31 December 2024 (official PDF) on 5 August 2026: 159 architects + 5 town planners (the order covers both professions) + 18 trainees = 182 persons; the earlier “244” is not found in the document — the historical numbering runs up to 264 with 84 numbers struck off/deceased not listed (a stock probably never cleared). A second count using the “Serment :” entries agrees.",
   "population_m": 14.0,
   "uia_section": "Ordre national des architectes et urbanistes du Bénin",
   "country": "Benin"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "CM",
   "country_fr": "Cameroun",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Ordre National des Architectes du Cameroun",
   "acronym": "ONAC",
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 502,
   "headcount_year": 2026,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://onac.sfa-a.com/public/members/tableau_onac.php",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "https://onac.sfa-a.com/public/members/tableau_onac.php",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "Law no. 75/12 of 8 December 1975 (the first professional order in Cameroon; first registrant on 2 April 1962). Public, paginated online register: counters in August 2026 = 829 registrants since creation, 502 authorised to practise, 375 trainees. Press coverage of the fiftieth anniversary (2025): 663 registrants, of whom 419 in practice, ~14.5% women, 81 practices. No official export. Beware the multiple sites: onac-noca.org (official), onac-noca.com, onac18.africa.",
   "population_m": 28.5,
   "uia_section": "Ordre national des architectes du Cameroun (ONAC)",
   "country": "Cameroon"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "CV",
   "country_fr": "Cap-Vert",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Ordem dos Arquitectos de Cabo Verde",
   "acronym": "OAC",
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": "https://www.arquitectos.org.cv",
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Statutes approved by Decreto-Lei n° 60/99 (framework Lei n° 126/IV/95); covers architects and urban planners. Site arquitectos.org.cv (oac.cv parked). “Arquitetos” section with neither list nor headcount accessible. UIA section.",
   "population_m": 0.52,
   "uia_section": "Ordem dos Arquitectos Cabo-verdianos",
   "country": "Cabo Verde"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "CF",
   "country_fr": "Centrafrique",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "No body identified",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "none",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "No order and no association identified (the local press cites no professional body). No UIA member.",
   "population_m": 5.7,
   "country": "Central African Republic"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "KM",
   "country_fr": "Comores",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "No body identified",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "none",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "No order and no association identified. No UIA member.",
   "population_m": 0.85,
   "country": "Comoros"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "CG",
   "country_fr": "Congo-Brazzaville",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Ordre des Architectes du Congo",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Active order: forum in Brazzaville (November 2022), president Antoine Beli Bokolodjoue, general meeting of the federation of francophone architects of Africa. Legal basis, register and headcount not found; no official website.",
   "population_m": 6.1,
   "uia_section": "Society of Architects of Congo (SAC)",
   "country": "Republic of the Congo"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "CI",
   "country_fr": "Côte d'Ivoire",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Ordre des Architectes de Côte d'Ivoire — Conseil National de l'Ordre",
   "acronym": "CNOA-CI",
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 239,
   "headcount_year": 2024,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://afriquemaisonettravauxtv.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Tableau-CNOA-du-29-Juillet-2024-au-29-Janvier-2025.pdf",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "https://afriquemaisonettravauxtv.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Tableau-CNOA-du-29-Juillet-2024-au-29-Janvier-2025.pdf",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": "https://afriquemaisonettravauxtv.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Tableau-CNOA-du-29-Juillet-2024-au-29-Janvier-2025.pdf",
   "open_data_format": "PDF",
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "A",
   "notes": "Law no. 2018-868 of 19 November 2018 (art. 8: title and practice reserved to those on the register — verified in the PDF). Half-yearly register circulated as a PDF (press copy verified; the official site oarchitectes.ci is alive). Two sections under a single continuous numbering: architects approved for private practice, then civil servants, salaried architects and consultants. TRAPS: oarchitectes.ci contains injected spam (casino); the official online directory is down (Supabase quota exceeded, error 402 observed). President: Joseph Amon (re-elected February 2025). Confirmed by direct count on 5 August 2026 (the poster read in full as rendered): exactly 239 = 151 approved architects in private practice + 88 civil servants/salaried architects/consultants — breakdown obtained.",
   "population_m": 29.0,
   "uia_section": "Conseil national de l'Ordre des architectes de Côte d'Ivoire (CNOA-CI)",
   "country": "Côte d'Ivoire"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "DJ",
   "country_fr": "Djibouti",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "No body identified",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "none",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "No order and no association identified. No UIA member.",
   "population_m": 1.1,
   "country": "Djibouti"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "SZ",
   "country_fr": "Eswatini",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Architects, Engineers, Surveyors and Allied Professionals Registration Council",
   "acronym": "AESAP",
   "body_type": "council",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "MIXED council created by Act no. 15 of 2013; the act provides for a register and for site audits. No operational site (aesap.org.sz does not resolve); headcount and register not public. No UIA section.",
   "population_m": 1.2,
   "country": "Eswatini"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "GA",
   "country_fr": "Gabon",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Ordre Gabonais des Architectes (Conseil supérieur)",
   "acronym": "OGA",
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Active order under ministerial supervision: general meeting on 23 November 2024, revision of the internal rules, election of the Conseil supérieur scheduled for February 2025; president elected: Erichk Mauro. Founding instrument not found; no official website, register or headcount — coverage by the press (Gabonreview).",
   "population_m": 2.5,
   "uia_section": "Conseil national de l'Ordre des architectes gabonais",
   "country": "Gabon"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "GM",
   "country_fr": "Gambie",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "No body identified",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "none",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "No Gambian architects’ act, board or institute found online. No UIA section.",
   "population_m": 2.7,
   "country": "Gambia"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "GH",
   "country_fr": "Ghana",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Architects Registration Council",
   "acronym": "ARC",
   "body_type": "board",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 744,
   "headcount_year": 2026,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://www.arc.gov.gh/architects-in-good-standing-2026/",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "https://www.arc.gov.gh/architects-in-good-standing-2026/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": "https://www.arc.gov.gh/architects-in-good-standing-2026/",
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Ghana Institute of Architects (GIA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": null,
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "A",
   "notes": "State board under the Architects Act 1969 (NLCD 357). Complete nominal list online: 744 architects in good standing as at 30 April 2026, numbered 1-744 (web page); the home page displays the cumulative totals 1,429+ licensed professionals, 258+ firms, 200+ probationers; 2023 report: 1,270 registrants, of whom 650 in good standing — the cumulative total and the in-good-standing figure must be carefully distinguished. GIA = UIA section. Confirmed by direct count on 5 August 2026: 744 exactly (ranks 1-744 continuous, double-checked); + 111 practices and 164 PPE trainees in the corpus annexes.",
   "population_m": 34.0,
   "uia_section": "Ghana Institute of Architects (GIA)",
   "country": "Ghana"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "GN",
   "country_fr": "Guinée",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Ordre National des Architectes de Guinée (Chambre Nationale des Architectes at the UIA)",
   "acronym": "ONAG",
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "President: Boubacar Bah (Guineenews 2020-2026). Framework: the 1985 “code de l’Architecture” still in force, judged “anachronistic”; the new code tabled around 2010 was never approved — hence the obligations left null despite the existence of “approved practices”. No official website, register or headcount.",
   "population_m": 14.0,
   "uia_section": "Chambre nationale des architectes de Guinée",
   "country": "Guinea"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "GW",
   "country_fr": "Guinée-Bissau",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "No body identified",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "none",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "No order and no association identified (pt+fr). No UIA member. Architects trained in Portugal/Senegal/Brazil.",
   "population_m": 2.1,
   "country": "Guinea-Bissau"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "KE",
   "country_fr": "Kenya",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Board of Registration of Architects and Quantity Surveyors",
   "acronym": "BORAQS",
   "body_type": "board",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 1226,
   "headcount_year": 2025,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://boraqs.or.ke/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/List-of-Persons-and-Firms-in-good-standing-as-at-31st-January-2025.pdf",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "https://boraqs.or.ke/registered/architects",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": "https://boraqs.or.ke/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/List-of-Persons-and-Firms-in-good-standing-as-at-31st-January-2025.pdf",
   "open_data_format": "PDF",
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Architectural Association of Kenya (AAK)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://aak.or.ke/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "A",
   "notes": "Board under Cap 525; register covering architects AND quantity surveyors — count only the architects. Direct count of Gazette Notice no. 2595 of 07.02.2025 (official PDF, in good standing as at 31 January 2025), carried out on 5 August 2026: 1,226 architects — S/No continuous 1-1226, two misprints in the gazette (“Arh.”, one missing title) checked by hand. This corrects the count of 699 taken from the site index (a cross-check planned from the initial harvest onwards). Same gazette: 833 quantity surveyors (no. 2596), 263 architectural practices (no. 2597), 166 quantity surveying practices (no. 2598). AAK (1967, 8 chapters, directory members.aak.or.ke/directory) = UIA section.",
   "population_m": 55.0,
   "uia_section": "Architectural Association of Kenya (AAK)",
   "country": "Kenya"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "LS",
   "country_fr": "Lesotho",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Architectural Association of Lesotho",
   "acronym": "AAL",
   "body_type": "association",
   "compulsory_registration": false,
   "protected_title": false,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": 8,
   "headcount_year": 2026,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://aal.org.ls/",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "https://aal.org.ls/directory",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "No registration act found: the AAL is an association (Societies Act 1966) with an online directory; 8 “Active Members / Verified Professionals” displayed — very low coverage, not to be taken for the whole body of practitioners. No UIA section.",
   "population_m": 2.3,
   "country": "Lesotho"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "LY",
   "country_fr": "Libye",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "General Union of Engineering Professions (النقابة العامة للمهن الهندسية)",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "engineers_union",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Libyan Institute of Architects (section UIA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.uia-architectes.org/en/members/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "No separate professional order: registration goes through the engineering professions union (regulated elections in December 2024). The Libyan Institute of Architects represents the profession at the UIA. No register and no headcount published (ar+fr). Fragmented situation post-2011.",
   "population_m": 6.9,
   "uia_section": "Libyan Institute of Architects",
   "country": "Libya"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "LR",
   "country_fr": "Libéria",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Architects’ Registration Board (created by the Architects’ Act of 2023)",
   "acronym": "ARB",
   "body_type": "board",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Liberia Institute of Architects (LIA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": null,
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Emerging regime: the 2023 Act creates a board, installed by the LIA (press 2023-2024). No public register and no headcount as yet. No UIA section.",
   "population_m": 5.5,
   "country": "Liberia"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "MG",
   "country_fr": "Madagascar",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Ordre des Architectes de Madagascar",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "The order exists and is active: president Fara Rahoeliarivahy (2025); public advocacy; plan for a national school of architecture (2025, with Morocco). Legal basis, official website (architectes.mg: dead DNS), register and headcount not found.",
   "population_m": 30.5,
   "uia_section": "Ordre des architectes de Madagascar",
   "country": "Madagascar"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "MW",
   "country_fr": "Malawi",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Board of Architects and Quantity Surveyors",
   "acronym": "BAQS",
   "body_type": "board",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Malawi Institute of Architects (MIA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": null,
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Board established by the 1991 Act (Cap 53:02), the registration and disciplinary authority (architects + QS). No official site and no online register; the scope of the registration requirement has not been verified. No UIA section listed.",
   "population_m": 21.0,
   "country": "Malawi"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "ML",
   "country_fr": "Mali",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Ordre des Architectes du Mali",
   "acronym": "OAM",
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Established by law no. 89-17/AN-RM of 1 March 1989; framework reformed in 2025 to align with UEMOA directive no. 07/2005 (free movement of architects). Compulsory registration attested by the ESIAU litigation. No official website and no register online (a Facebook presence); no sourced headcount. UIA section.",
   "population_m": 23.5,
   "country": "Mali"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "MA",
   "country_fr": "Maroc",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Ordre National des Architectes — Conseil National de l'Ordre des Architectes",
   "acronym": "CNOA",
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 2899,
   "headcount_year": 2024,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://chantiersdumaroc.ma/actualites/nouveau-bureau-du-conseil-national-de-lordre-des-architectes-du-maroc-cnoa-elu-pour-2024-2027/",
   "headcount_source_type": "press",
   "register_url": "https://cnoa.ma/page/tableau-de-l-ordre/",
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "ArtMAP — annuaire architecture/culture",
     "type": "commercial",
     "url": "https://artmap.ma/page/le-conseil-national-de-lordre-des-architectes-cnoa/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "C",
   "notes": "Headcount = the 2024 CNOA electorate: 2,685 registrants in the private sector + 214 in the public sector (press citing the order). Law no. 016-89 (promulgated 1993). A “Tableau de l’Ordre” page exists on cnoa.ma but is rendered in JavaScript; the portal is members-only. Higher figures (~6,000) circulate that include those not on the register and civil servants.",
   "population_m": 37.5,
   "uia_section": "Ordre des Architectes du Maroc (CNOA)",
   "country": "Morocco"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "MU",
   "country_fr": "Maurice",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Professional Architects' Council",
   "acronym": "PAC",
   "body_type": "council",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 274,
   "headcount_year": 2026,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://pacmauritius.com/register-of-architects/",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "https://pacmauritius.com/register-of-architects/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": "https://pacmauritius.com/register-of-architects/",
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Mauritius Association of Architects (MAA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": null,
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "A",
   "notes": "Council created by the PAC Act 2011; the title “Architect” is reserved for registrants. “List of Professional Architects Registered for the Year 2026” published in full as a web table: 331 architects, plus a list of mentors. MAA = UIA section. Seat at Quatre Bornes. CORRECTION 5 August 2026 (direct count of the 2026 table): 274 architects — the 331 was the HIGHEST registration number, not the headcount (57 numbers struck off, listed in the corpus); the 150 “Employment Mentors” are a status, all of them already on the register.",
   "population_m": 1.26,
   "uia_section": "Mauritius Association of Architects (MAA)",
   "country": "Mauritius"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "MR",
   "country_fr": "Mauritanie",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Ordre Mauritanien des Architectes (ambiguous status: association/order)",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "association",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "The press refers variously to an “association de l’Ordre Mauritanien des Architectes” (2017) and to an “Ordre des Architectes” (Financial Afrik, 2024). No law establishing an order, no register and no headcount found. Absent from the UIA. A national school of architecture is planned with Moroccan support (2026).",
   "population_m": 4.9,
   "country": "Mauritania"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "MZ",
   "country_fr": "Mozambique",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Ordem dos Arquitectos de Moçambique",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Order created by Lei n° 13/2017 (public law, compulsory registration; architects, urban planners, planning). Social media presence (@oarqmoc) but NO official site and no list of registrants; no headcount published. Lusophone sphere (CIALP); no UIA section listed.",
   "population_m": 34.0,
   "country": "Mozambique"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "NA",
   "country_fr": "Namibie",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Namibia Council for Architects and Quantity Surveyors",
   "acronym": "NCAQS",
   "body_type": "council",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": 132,
   "headcount_year": 2026,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://nia.org.na/",
   "headcount_source_type": "estimate",
   "register_url": "https://ncaqs.org/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Namibia Institute of Architects (NIA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://nia.org.na/",
     "effectif": 132
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "Council under Act 13 of 1979 (inherited from South African law). Public search via search.mymembership.co.za (the same platform as SACAP). ±132 registered architects + 108 in training across 81 practices (NIA figures) — no official NCAQS statistic. No UIA section listed.",
   "population_m": 2.6,
   "country": "Namibia"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "NE",
   "country_fr": "Niger",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Ordre National des Architectes du Niger",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Active order: entry on the register + a 24-month traineeship + an oath before the Cour d’État (17 newly sworn in on 28 June 2024, Le Sahel). Founding instrument not found; no headcount and no register online. Absent from the UIA. ARCHIMAT trade fair (2025).",
   "population_m": 27.0,
   "country": "Niger"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "NG",
   "country_fr": "Nigeria",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Architects Registration Council of Nigeria",
   "acronym": "ARCON",
   "body_type": "board",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 4926,
   "headcount_year": 2021,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://punchng.com/arcon-registers-694-architects-in-three-years/",
   "headcount_source_type": "press",
   "register_url": "https://register.arconigeria.gov.ng/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Nigerian Institute of Architects (NIA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://nia.ng/",
     "effectif": 12000
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "Board created by Decree 10 of 1969 (Architects Act Cap A19 LFN 2004); distinct from the NIA (association founded 1960, ~12,000 members across all grades, UIA section; the 2022 ARCON-NIA conflict resolved). 4,926 registrants announced by the ARCON president in July 2021; mass inductions since (526 in 2025), so the actual headcount is higher. “Register of Architects and Architectural Firms” page with no public PDF; online verification portal operational. Categories: architects, technologists, firms.",
   "population_m": 227.0,
   "uia_section": "Nigerian Institute of Architects (NIA)",
   "country": "Nigeria"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "UG",
   "country_fr": "Ouganda",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Architects Registration Board",
   "acronym": "ARB",
   "body_type": "board",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 269,
   "headcount_year": 2026,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://arbuganda.go.ug/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/Architects-List-for-2026.Final_.pdf",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "https://arbuganda.go.ug/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": "https://arbuganda.go.ug/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/Architects-List-for-2026.Final_.pdf",
   "open_data_format": "PDF",
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Uganda Society of Architects (USA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://ugandasocietyofarchitects.org/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "A",
   "notes": "Statutory board (Architects Registration Act 1996). PDF “Architects List for 2026” (5 June 2026) counted: 269 architects (numbers 002 to 404, register with gaps), with Practicing Certificate, qualifications and contact details. Members’ portal myarb.info. The Uganda Society of Architects (USA) is the UIA section. CORRECTION 5 August 2026 (direct count of the PDF “Architects List for 2026”): 269 practitioners holding the 2026 certificate — lifetime Reg/No 002-404 with 134 gaps (registrants without a certificate), second count by PC/No 26xxx (269 = 269); the earlier 273 came from a previous edition of the same living list.",
   "population_m": 48.5,
   "uia_section": "Uganda Society of Architects (USA)",
   "country": "Uganda"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "CD",
   "country_fr": "RD Congo",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Ordre National des Architectes de la RDC",
   "acronym": "ONA",
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": "https://onadrc.com/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "Law no. 18/034 of 13 December 2018 (practice of the profession). Online directory with a public search engine (onadrc.com); a second official site architectes-rdc.cd — a past battle over legitimacy (contested elections in 2021; current president: Fiyou Ndondoboni Monkoso, 2025). Approval numbers observed up to ~0585; no total headcount published. Hosted the 14th congress of the Union des Architectes d’Afrique (Kinshasa 2025).",
   "population_m": 105.0,
   "uia_section": "Ordre des architectes du Congo",
   "country": "Democratic Republic of the Congo"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "RW",
   "country_fr": "Rwanda",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Rwanda Institute of Architects (with its Board of Registration)",
   "acronym": "RIA",
   "body_type": "board",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 200,
   "headcount_year": 2026,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://ria.rw/",
   "headcount_source_type": "official_report",
   "register_url": "https://ria.rw/member-directory/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "Law no. 26/2012, REPLACED by law no. 023/2025 of 1 September 2025, now being implemented (notice of January 2026: annual licence compulsory, 2026 list of “eligible architects”). “Over 200 members” (ria.rw — a lower bound). Public directories by category with a 2025-2026 licence-holder filter, rendered in JavaScript (not countable without a browser). The IER covers engineers.",
   "population_m": 14.0,
   "uia_section": "Rwanda Institute of Architects (RIA)",
   "country": "Rwanda"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "SC",
   "country_fr": "Seychelles",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Seychelles Licensing Authority (architectural services licences)",
   "acronym": "SLA",
   "body_type": "state_register",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": false,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Neither professional order nor board: a licence from the Seychelles Licensing Authority (recognised degree or proof of competence). The “Construction Professional Registration Bill 2022” provided for a Council with a register — adoption not verified. No public headcount. No UIA section.",
   "population_m": 0.12,
   "country": "Seychelles"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "SL",
   "country_fr": "Sierra Leone",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Sierra Leone Institute of Architects",
   "acronym": "SLIA",
   "body_type": "association",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Institute and regulator are one and the same: the SLIA regulates the profession under the Architects Act 1986; admission by examination (4 inducted in July 2024). UIA section; joined the CAA in 2023. No register and no headcount published.",
   "population_m": 8.8,
   "uia_section": "Sierra Leone Institute of Architects (SLIA)",
   "country": "Sierra Leone"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "SO",
   "country_fr": "Somalie",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "No statutory body identified",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "none",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Somali Institute of Architects (SIA, fondé 2023)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://sia.org.so/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "No legal regime specific to architects. SIA founded 2023 (post-conflict reconstruction). Engineers register with the Ministry of Public Works (mpwr.gov.so). No UIA section.",
   "population_m": 18.0,
   "country": "Somalia"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "SD",
   "country_fr": "Soudan",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Sudanese Engineering Council",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "engineers_union",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Sudanese Institute of Architects (SIA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": null,
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Architects register alongside engineers with the Sudanese Engineering Council (titles of the “Specialist Architect” type). The Sudanese Institute of Architects is the UIA section. War since 2023: institutions in disarray, no public register and no public headcount.",
   "population_m": 49.0,
   "uia_section": "Sudanese Institute of Architects",
   "country": "Sudan"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "SS",
   "country_fr": "Soudan du Sud",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "No body specific to architects",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "none",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "South Sudan Engineering Society (SSES)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": null,
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "No architects’ board and no architects’ institute. The SSES covers engineers, architects and technologists; an Engineering Council regulates engineering. First school of architecture (Univ. of Juba) created in 2020. No UIA section.",
   "population_m": 11.0,
   "country": "South Sudan"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "ST",
   "country_fr": "São Tomé-et-Príncipe",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Ordem dos Engenheiros e Arquitectos de São Tomé e Príncipe",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "MIXED engineers-and-architects order; registration opened in 2024 (CIALP source). No site of its own, no register and no headcount. No UIA section.",
   "population_m": 0.23,
   "country": "São Tomé and Príncipe"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "SN",
   "country_fr": "Sénégal",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Ordre des Architectes du Sénégal",
   "acronym": "ODAS",
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 282,
   "headcount_year": 2026,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://ordrearchitectes.sn/",
   "headcount_source_type": "official_report",
   "register_url": "https://www.ordrearchitectes.sn/sites/default/files/pdf/TABLEAU%20ODAS%20ANNEE%202025%20BIS.pdf",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": "https://www.ordrearchitectes.sn/sites/default/files/pdf/TABLEAU%20ODAS%20ANNEE%202025%20BIS.pdf",
   "open_data_format": "PDF",
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Au-Sénégal.com — annuaire des architectes (copie tableau 2022)",
     "type": "commercial",
     "url": "https://www.au-senegal.com/architectes-du-senegal,243.html?lang=fr",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "A",
   "notes": "“No one may practise unless entered on the register” (ODAS website). Framework: laws no. 78-43 and no. 78-44 of 6 July 1978 (to be confirmed in the Journal officiel). The website displays “282 members” (2026); the PDF “Tableau ODAS 2025” (January 2025) has ~231 lines. Online directory. Press, May 2024: ~260 registrants, 1 architect per ~500,000 inhabitants. Direct count from the PDF “Tableau ODAS 2025” (January 2025 edition) on 5 August 2026: 189 architects on the register (168 in category A, private practice; 5 in category C, civil servants; 10 in category R.A, UEMOA reception; 6 honorary) + 25 trainees (category D) + firms (category B). The gap with the “282 members” on the website (2026) remains unexplained — a more recent edition of the register is likely.",
   "population_m": 18.0,
   "uia_section": "Ordre des architectes du Sénégal (ODAS)",
   "country": "Senegal"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "TZ",
   "country_fr": "Tanzanie",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Architects and Quantity Surveyors Registration Board",
   "acronym": "AQRB",
   "body_type": "board",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 693,
   "headcount_year": 2026,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://ors.aqrb.go.tz/professionals_list",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "https://ors.aqrb.go.tz/professionals_list",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": "https://ors.aqrb.go.tz/professionals_list",
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Architects Association of Tanzania (AAT)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": null,
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "A",
   "notes": "Board under Act no. 4/2010 (Cap 269), seat in Dodoma. Complete public list on the ORS portal, counted by crawling: 1,944 professionals, of whom 693 architects (960 QS, 94 technologists, 35 interior architects…) — count only the 693. AAT = UIA section. Confirmed by direct count on 5 August 2026 (crawl of the 6 ORS pages): 693 exactly (671 Local + 22 Foreign) out of the Board’s 1,944 professionals — of which 961 quantity surveyors, in the corpus annexes.",
   "population_m": 67.0,
   "uia_section": "Architects Association of Tanzania (AAT)",
   "country": "Tanzania"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "TD",
   "country_fr": "Tchad",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Ordre National des Architectes du Tchad",
   "acronym": "ONAT",
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 150,
   "headcount_year": 2025,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://tchadinfos.com/2025/05/17/tchad-lordre-national-des-architectes-presente-le-tableau-des-architectes-regulierement-inscrits/",
   "headcount_source_type": "press",
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": false,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "C",
   "notes": "Created in 2012 by decree; art. 7: title and practice reserved to those on the register (press conference of 17 May 2025). “More than 150 members”, of whom 6 women (38 at the time of creation). The 2025 register was presented publicly but not published online. President: Senoussi Ahmat Senoussi (re-elected January 2026). UIA membership announced in 2021. An architecture bill is under consideration (2024).",
   "population_m": 18.5,
   "uia_section": "Ordre national des architectes du Tchad",
   "country": "Chad"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "TG",
   "country_fr": "Togo",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Ordre National des Architectes du Togo",
   "acronym": "ONAT",
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 168,
   "headcount_year": 2026,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://www.togofirst.com/fr/gouvernance-economique/3004-18862-ordre-national-des-architectes-168-professionnels-habilites-a-exercer-au-togo",
   "headcount_source_type": "press",
   "register_url": "https://onat.tg/architectes/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": "https://onat.tg/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Tableau-de-lOrdre-avril-2026-scaled.jpeg",
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "A",
   "notes": "The Order’s register as at 31 March 2026, unveiled on 29 April 2026: 168 architects (143 m / 25 f) + 68 practices (the official portal headlines “167” — a discrepancy of one). 2024: 126 architects + 58 practices. The full register can be downloaded from onat.tg, but as a JPEG IMAGE, not a PDF. Decree no. 94-117/PMRT (code of professional conduct). UIA membership in July 2023 (Copenhagen). President of the Conseil supérieur: Péyébinesso Limazie. CONFIRMED 5 August 2026 by full visual transcription of the poster (3 agents, overlapping bands, zero name conflicts): exactly 168 (163 in private practice + 5 civil servants, numbers 005-247 with 75 gaps) — the portal’s “167” is now settled; 68 practices confirmed + 9 trainees in the corpus annexes; oath years captured (cohorts 1996-2025).",
   "population_m": 9.2,
   "uia_section": "Ordre national des architectes du Togo (ONAT)",
   "country": "Togo"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "TN",
   "country_fr": "Tunisie",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Ordre des Architectes de Tunisie",
   "acronym": "OAT",
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 2663,
   "headcount_year": 2025,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://oat.tn/oat24/files/OAT2025.pdf",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "https://oat.tn/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": "https://oat.tn/oat24/files/OAT2025.pdf",
   "open_data_format": "PDF",
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "A",
   "notes": "Law no. 74-46 of 22 May 1974 (“no one may bear the title or practise without being entered on the register”). Complete 2025 register in PDF, direct count: 2,118 in private practice + 63 others + 482 salaried in the private sector = 2,663 names. TRAP: the TLS certificate of oat.tn is broken (incomplete chain). The press diverges: “more than 3,000” (2024), “6,267” (Tuniscope, not corroborated). The 2012-2023 registers are also online. Direct count from the PDF on 5 August 2026: exactly 2,663, continuity by section — 2,118 in private practice, 482 salaried in the private sector, 51 public-sector employees, 12 teaching and research academics (the modes of practice under art. 10, as at 31 December 2024).",
   "population_m": 12.3,
   "uia_section": "Ordre des Architectes de Tunisie (OAT)",
   "country": "Tunisia"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "ZM",
   "country_fr": "Zambie",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Zambia Institute of Architects",
   "acronym": "ZIA",
   "body_type": "association",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": "https://zia.org.zm/the-register/",
   "register_searchable": false,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Hybrid case: the institute IS the statutory authority — Zambia Institute of Architects Act (Cap 442, 1995). UIA section. Register not published: access through the members’ portal; the site returns 403 to robots; no official headcount online.",
   "population_m": 21.0,
   "uia_section": "Zambia Institute of Architects (ZIA)",
   "country": "Zambia"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "ZW",
   "country_fr": "Zimbabwe",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Architects Council of Zimbabwe",
   "acronym": "ACZ",
   "body_type": "council",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": 64,
   "headcount_year": 2026,
   "headcount_source_url": "http://www.zimarchitects.com/list-of-architects/",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "http://www.zimarchitects.com/list-of-architects/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Institute of Architects of Zimbabwe (IAZ)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "http://www.zimarchitects.com/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "Statutory council (Architects Act Ch. 27:01, 1976). Public list on the joint IAZ/ACZ site, counted: 64 names — probably partial (active practitioners), to be treated with caution. No UIA section listed.",
   "population_m": 16.5,
   "country": "Zimbabwe"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "EG",
   "country_fr": "Égypte",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Egyptian Engineers Syndicate (نقابة المهندسين), architecture division",
   "acronym": "EEA",
   "body_type": "engineers_union",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Society of Egyptian Architects (SEA, fondée 1917)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": null,
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Architects are registered WITH the engineers in the syndicate (laws 66/1947 then 66/1974; membership required in order to practise), within the architecture division. The division’s headcount has never been published (searches in AR/EN); all divisions: 470,000 (2012), >500,000 cited at the 2024 elections, ~30,000 new members a year. The SEA is the UIA section; syndicate site eea.org.eg.",
   "population_m": 114.0,
   "uia_section": "Society of Egyptian Architects (SEA)",
   "country": "Egypt"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "ER",
   "country_fr": "Érythrée",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "No body identified",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "none",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "No online trace of an Eritrean board, professional order or association of architects; only private practices. No UIA section.",
   "population_m": 3.5,
   "country": "Eritrea"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "ET",
   "country_fr": "Éthiopie",
   "continent": "Africa",
   "body": "Ministry of Urban Development / Ethiopian Construction Authority (registration of professionals)",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "state_register",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Association of Ethiopian Architects (AEA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://aea.et/",
     "effectif": 2000
    }
   ],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Particular regime: neither a professional order nor a board — registration/certificate of competence with the ministry (directive no. 718/2021). Ministerial register not public, no headcount found. The AEA (August 1991, Addis Ababa) is the UIA section; ≈2,000 members cited by secondary sources, not confirmed on aea.et.",
   "population_m": 128.0,
   "uia_section": "Association of Ethiopian Architects (AEA)",
   "country": "Ethiopia"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "AR",
   "country_fr": "Argentine",
   "continent": "Americas",
   "body": "Provincial colegios and consejos (24 jurisdictions), federated by the Federación Argentina de Entidades de Arquitectos",
   "acronym": "FADEA",
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 115000,
   "headcount_year": 2023,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://www.arquitectosmisiones.org.ar/category/fadea/",
   "headcount_source_type": "official_report",
   "register_url": "https://capsf.ar/tramites-online/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Sociedad Central de Arquitectos (SCA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://socearq.org/",
     "effectif": null
    },
    {
     "nom": "CPAU (Buenos Aires ville)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://cpau.org/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "Regulation PROVINCE BY PROVINCE: matrícula compulsory in each jurisdiction; in the City of Buenos Aires, the CPAU (Decreto-Ley 6070/1958 ratified by Ley 14.467). Headcount: “115,000 matriculados en todas las entidades” (first FADEA meeting of 2023, relayed by the Misiones colegio; 105,000 cited during COVID). No single national register: public padrones PROVINCE BY PROVINCE (verified: CAPSF Santa Fe; Córdoba publishes a monthly list). PITFALL: cpau.org is an SPA (every URL returns 200). FADEA = UIA section; fadea.org.ar publishes no figures.",
   "population_m": 46.0,
   "uia_section": "Federación Argentina de Entidades de Arquitectos (FADEA)",
   "country": "Argentina"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "BS",
   "country_fr": "Bahamas",
   "continent": "Americas",
   "body": "Institute of Bahamian Architects (existence reported, not verified online)",
   "acronym": "IBA",
   "body_type": "association",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Verification not completed: no official site reachable, quota exhausted before confirmation; the exact status and the existence of a registration law are TO BE CONFIRMED — null rather than invented values. Absent from the UIA sections.",
   "population_m": 0.41,
   "country": "Bahamas"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "BB",
   "country_fr": "Barbade",
   "continent": "Americas",
   "body": "Barbados Institute of Architects (self-regulating organisation, founded 1968)",
   "acronym": "BIA",
   "body_type": "association",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": 53,
   "headcount_year": 2026,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://bia.bb/",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "https://www.bia.bb/find-a-bia-architect",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "The BIA site presents itself as “the nation's self-regulating body”: 53 Full Members (+21 associates, 26 affiliates, 8 students) — headcount = members of the association, NOT a statutory register. An “A.R.B” section with licensure guidance: a statutory law/register, recent or in progress — NOT confirmed. Searchable directory. Absent from the UIA sections.",
   "population_m": 0.28,
   "country": "Barbados"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "BZ",
   "country_fr": "Belize",
   "continent": "Americas",
   "body": "Association of Professional Architects of Belize (statutory registrar under the Professional Architects (Registration) Act, 2003)",
   "acronym": "APAB",
   "body_type": "association",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": 50,
   "headcount_year": 2026,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://www.architectsofbelize.com/registered-corporate-architects",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "https://www.architectsofbelize.com/registered-corporate-architects",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "2003 Act, s. 15(1): no one may practise without registration; the APAB keeps the register by delegation. “Registered Architects 2026” list in HTML with contact details (≈50 names counted). Permits over 3,000 sq ft: the signature of a registered architect is required. Absent from the list of UIA sections.",
   "population_m": 0.41,
   "country": "Belize"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "BO",
   "country_fr": "Bolivie",
   "continent": "Americas",
   "body": "Colegio de Arquitectos de Bolivia — Registro Nacional de Arquitectos",
   "acronym": "CAB",
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 20000,
   "headcount_year": 2026,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://cab.org.bo/",
   "headcount_source_type": "official_report",
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": false,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Colegio departamental de La Paz (CDALP)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://cdalp.org.bo/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "C",
   "notes": "Ley 1373 of 13 November 1992 (text verified on lexivox.org): registration in the Registro Nacional de Arquitectos is COMPULSORY (arts. 6-7); no project has legal validity without the signature of an authorised architect (art. 5). The official site displays “20,000 Arquitectos Afiliados” — a self-declared round figure, with neither date nor method. No online consultation of the RNA (grade C). Structured by departmental colegios.",
   "population_m": 12.4,
   "uia_section": "Colegio de Arquitectos de Bolivia",
   "country": "Bolivia"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "BR",
   "country_fr": "Brésil",
   "continent": "Americas",
   "body": "Conselho de Arquitetura e Urbanismo do Brasil",
   "acronym": "CAU/BR",
   "body_type": "council",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 244604,
   "headcount_year": 2026,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://acheumarquiteto.caubr.gov.br/",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "https://acheumarquiteto.caubr.gov.br/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": "https://transparencia.caubr.gov.br/dadosabertos/",
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Instituto de Arquitetos do Brasil (IAB)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://iab.org.br/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "Lei 12.378/2010 (verified): compulsory registro, practice and title protected, one RRT per project. Live counter verified on 5 August 2026 on “Ache um Arquiteto”: 244,604 active professionals (public nominal directory). IGEO (igeo.caubr.gov.br) advertises “consulta, visualização e download” (official article of 16 April 2025: 236,085 architects, 37,180 firms, 11.67 M RRT). PITFALL: caubr.gov.br and transparencia return 403 to robots/from outside Brazil — the bulk nominal export could not be verified from abroad, hence B and not A (very probably available through IGEO/dados abertos). UIA: the Brazilian section is the IAB, not the CAU. Attempt of 5 August 2026: igeo.caubr.gov.br AND transparencia.caubr.gov.br/dadosabertos return 403 from outside Brazil (verified) — the nominal harvest will have to wait for local access or help on the ground.",
   "population_m": 211.0,
   "uia_section": "Instituto de Arquitetos do Brasil (IAB)",
   "country": "Brazil"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "CA",
   "country_fr": "Canada",
   "continent": "Americas",
   "body": "11 provincial and territorial orders (OAQ, OAA, AIBC, AAA…), grouped within the ROAC (formerly CALA)",
   "acronym": "ROAC",
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": "https://www.oaq.com/trouver-un-architecte/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Institut royal d'architecture du Canada (IRAC/RAIC)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://raic.org/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "No national aggregate published by the ROAC (roac.ca, verified). Sourced for the large provinces: OAQ 4,398 members as at 31 March 2022 (Aviseo socio-economic study, December 2023, verified); OAA 4,924 architects in 2023 (+1,991 trainees; Annual Report 2023, verified) — ≈9,300 for QC+ON. Public directories held by each order (OAQ “Trouver un architecte”, OAA Directory…), searchable but not downloadable. The UIA member is the RAIC (association); regulation remains provincial.",
   "population_m": 39.0,
   "uia_section": "Royal Architectural Institute of Canada (RAIC/IRAC)",
   "country": "Canada"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "CL",
   "country_fr": "Chili",
   "continent": "Americas",
   "body": "Colegio de Arquitectos de Chile (VOLUNTARY membership since 1981)",
   "acronym": "CA",
   "body_type": "association",
   "compulsory_registration": false,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": "https://registrocolegiados.cl/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Asociación de Oficinas de Arquitectos (AOA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://aoa.cl/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "A documented REVERSE CASE: Decreto Ley 3.621 of 3 February 1981 (text verified on LeyChile) turned the colegios into asociaciones gremiales and PROHIBITED making membership a condition of practice (art. 2). Practice rests on the university degree (checked for the signing of permits — hence protected title). The RNA “Registro Nacional de Arquitectos Colegiados” can be searched by RUT (registrocolegiados.cl, verified) but covers ONLY voluntary members — grade D: no count of the profession as a whole exists. No recent headcount verifiable. UIA section: Colegio de Arquitectos de Chile.",
   "population_m": 19.7,
   "uia_section": "Colegio de Arquitectos de Chile",
   "country": "Chile"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "CO",
   "country_fr": "Colombie",
   "continent": "Americas",
   "body": "Consejo Profesional Nacional de Arquitectura y sus Profesiones Auxiliares",
   "acronym": "CPNAA",
   "body_type": "council",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 96335,
   "headcount_year": 2025,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://www.cpnaa.gov.co/datos-abiertos-d68/",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "https://www.cpnaa.gov.co/consulta-del-registro-de-arquitectos-y-profesionales-auxiliares-de-la-arquitectura/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": "https://www.datos.gov.co/d/pymi-7cgj",
   "open_data_format": "CSV",
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Sociedad Colombiana de Arquitectos (SCA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://sociedadcolombianadearquitectos.org/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "Compulsory national matrícula profesional (Ley 435 de 1998). 96,335 professionals holding a matrícula as at 30 November 2025 (the CPNAA's Datos Abiertos page, verified; 76,985 in October 2019). Search by cédula through the Oficina Virtual (account required); list of those sanctioned public. Genuine OPEN DATA: Socrata dataset on datos.gov.co (pymi-7cgj, verified through the API: 5,702 rows, updated 29 July 2026) — PITFALL: it covers only the matrículas issued since 1 January 2025 and is anonymised (no names); + XLSX aggregated by department/gender. Annual flow: 3,848 matrículas issued in 2024. SCA = UIA section.",
   "population_m": 52.0,
   "uia_section": "Sociedad Colombiana de Arquitectos (SCA)",
   "country": "Colombia"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "CR",
   "country_fr": "Costa Rica",
   "continent": "Americas",
   "body": "Colegio Federado de Ingenieros y de Arquitectos de Costa Rica (the Colegio de Arquitectos is one of its member colleges)",
   "acronym": "CFIA",
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": "https://servicios.cfia.or.cr/ListadoMiembros/profesionales",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Colegio de Arquitectos de Costa Rica (CACR)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://cacrarquitectos.com/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "Ley 3663: only members of the CFIA may practise. Directorio de Profesionales searchable (200 verified) + Registro platform. “Estadísticas Miembros” page inside an iframe — figures not extractable here, architects' headcount null. The CACR (UIA member) is one of the CFIA's colleges. Filter by colegio within the directorio.",
   "population_m": 5.2,
   "uia_section": "Colegio de Arquitectos de Costa Rica",
   "country": "Costa Rica"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "CU",
   "country_fr": "Cuba",
   "continent": "Americas",
   "body": "Unión Nacional de Arquitectos e Ingenieros de la Construcción de Cuba",
   "acronym": "UNAICC",
   "body_type": "association",
   "compulsory_registration": false,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "No individual licence of the Western type: practice goes through State entities; the UNAICC (1983) is a voluntary multi-profession association and the UIA section. ≈14,000 members across all professions cited but NOT confirmed (EcuRed verified: the only figure is provincial, Matanzas 2010, 936 affiliates of whom 228 in architecture). unaicc.cu unreachable from abroad.",
   "population_m": 11.0,
   "uia_section": "Unión Nacional de Arquitectos e Ingenieros de la Construcción de Cuba (UNAICC)",
   "country": "Cuba"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "GT",
   "country_fr": "Guatemala",
   "continent": "Americas",
   "body": "Colegio de Arquitectos de Guatemala",
   "acronym": "CAG",
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 7000,
   "headcount_year": 2022,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://www.prensalibre.com/opinion/columnasdiarias/ya-somos-siete-mil-arquitectos/",
   "headcount_source_type": "press",
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Compulsory professional colegiación (constitutional regime). 7,000th colegiado registered on 3 August 2022 (Prensa Libre, verified); a more recent column mentions >8,000 registrants of whom ~5,000 in good standing (not verified directly). The site colegiodearquitectos.org.gt is online but no searchable directory was found. Distinguish cumulative registrants from active ones; “timbre de arquitectura” on documents.",
   "population_m": 18.0,
   "uia_section": "Colegio de Arquitectos de Guatemala",
   "country": "Guatemala"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "GY",
   "country_fr": "Guyana",
   "continent": "Americas",
   "body": "No registration body identified (verification incomplete)",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "none",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "No board or order found before the quota ran out — do not conclude that no regime exists: the CAA (comarchitect.org) has a “Guyana” section with no detail, a sign of institutional activity to be verified. Absent from the UIA sections.",
   "population_m": 0.81,
   "country": "Guyana"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "HT",
   "country_fr": "Haïti",
   "continent": "Americas",
   "body": "Collège National des Ingénieurs et Architectes Haïtiens (decree-law of 25 March 1974)",
   "acronym": "CNIAH",
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": false,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Created by decree-law (1974) to organise the engineering + architecture profession; the site itself publishes “Le CNIAH, une association ou un ordre professionnel ?” — ambiguous status, weak enforcement. cniah.org live but the directory pages returned 404 when tested. No headcount published. Absent from the UIA sections.",
   "population_m": 11.7,
   "country": "Haiti"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "HN",
   "country_fr": "Honduras",
   "continent": "Americas",
   "body": "Colegio de Arquitectos de Honduras",
   "acronym": "CAH",
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Compulsory colegiación (Ley de Colegiación Profesional Obligatoria + the CAH's Ley Orgánica). UIA member. The site arquitectoshonduras.org is online but almost empty: no headcount and no register found — null rather than an estimate.",
   "population_m": 10.6,
   "uia_section": "Colegio de Arquitectos de Honduras",
   "country": "Honduras"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "JM",
   "country_fr": "Jamaïque",
   "continent": "Americas",
   "body": "Architects Registration Board (Architects Registration Act, 1987)",
   "acronym": "ARB",
   "body_type": "board",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 119,
   "headcount_year": 2026,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://arb.com.jm/licensed-practitioners/",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "https://arb.com.jm/licensed-practitioners/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Jamaican Institute of Architects (JIA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.uia-architectes.org/en/members/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "“Architects Licensed to Practice for 2026” list in an HTML table (119 rows counted: name, registration no., annual licence no.). Pitfall: the complete Register (all registrants since 1987) may be consulted ONLY at the Kingston offices — the online list covers only that year's licence holders. UIA section = JIA.",
   "population_m": 2.8,
   "uia_section": "Jamaican Institute of Architects",
   "country": "Jamaica"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "MX",
   "country_fr": "Mexique",
   "continent": "Americas",
   "body": "Dirección General de Profesiones (SEP) — Registro Nacional de Profesionistas (federal cédula profesional)",
   "acronym": "DGP-SEP",
   "body_type": "state_register",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://expansion.mx/carrera/2022/10/01/cuanto-gana-un-arquitecto-en-mexico",
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": "https://www.gob.mx/cedulaprofesional",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Federación de Colegios de Arquitectos de la República Mexicana (FCARM)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://fcarm.org.mx/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "Dual regime: federal cédula profesional (required in order to practise/sign) + state colegios federated within the FCARM (voluntary colegiación; UIA member). Public search of cédulas by name through the RNP (gob.mx/cedulaprofesional, verified). NO official aggregate of “arquitecto” cédulas published — headcount left empty; the Observatorio Laboral (INEGI-ENOE 4T-2021) counts 240,510 profesionistas in “arquitectura y urbanismo” IN EMPLOYMENT, a count of those in work that does not give the number of registrants. Signing projects additionally goes through the municipal DRO registers (Director Responsable de Obra).",
   "population_m": 129.5,
   "uia_section": "Federación de Colegios de Arquitectos de la República Mexicana (FCARM)",
   "country": "Mexico"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "NI",
   "country_fr": "Nicaragua",
   "continent": "Americas",
   "body": "No architects' order identified (verification incomplete)",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "none",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": null,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "No colegio/board identified before the quota ran out — do not conclude that no regime exists. Registro Nacional de Constructores (MTI) mentioned for firms — not verified. To be taken up again as a priority.",
   "population_m": 7.0,
   "country": "Nicaragua"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "PA",
   "country_fr": "Panama",
   "continent": "Americas",
   "body": "Junta Técnica de Ingeniería y Arquitectura (State certificado de idoneidad; Ley 15 de 1959)",
   "acronym": "JTIA",
   "body_type": "board",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": "https://jtiapanama.org.pa/consulta-de-profesionales-idoneos",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Sociedad Panameña de Ingenieros y Arquitectos (SPIA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://spia.org.pa/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "Certificado de idoneidad compulsory. “Consulta de Profesionales Idóneos” online, verified (search by criteria, no downloadable list). Panama ABSENT from the list of UIA sections. SPIA returned error 500 when tested; the JTIA covers engineers AND architects — filter by profession.",
   "population_m": 4.5,
   "country": "Panama"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "PY",
   "country_fr": "Paraguay",
   "continent": "Americas",
   "body": "Asociación Paraguaya de Arquitectos",
   "acronym": "APAR",
   "body_type": "association",
   "compulsory_registration": false,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "No professional order: the APAR is a voluntary association — Paraguay's UIA section and an FPAA member. PITFALL: apar.org.py no longer resolves (DNS dead, August 2026), social-media presence only — cite no APAR URL. No statistics and no register found; control of the signature would run through municipal registers (not verified).",
   "population_m": 6.9,
   "uia_section": "Asociación Paraguaya de Arquitectos (APAR)",
   "country": "Paraguay"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "PE",
   "country_fr": "Pérou",
   "continent": "Americas",
   "body": "Colegio de Arquitectos del Perú",
   "acronym": "CAP",
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 27000,
   "headcount_year": 2023,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://constructivo.com/noticia/colegio-de-arquitectos-del-peru-tendra-nuevas-autoridades-a-nivel-nacional-1676470917",
   "headcount_source_type": "press",
   "register_url": "https://cap.org.pe/#buscador",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "Compulsory colegiación (Ley 14085 de 1962, Ley 16053, Ley 28966). National public “Buscador de Arquitectos” (verified 5 August 2026, data current to that day; public API returning colegiatura, names, habilitación ESTADO, regional council). “More than 27,000 architects” (Constructivo, February 2023, verified). A “Reporte del Agremiado” consolidated to May 2026 exists but is distributed through lnk.bio (blocked to robots). Distinguish colegiatura (registration) from habilitación (in good standing, required in order to sign).",
   "population_m": 34.0,
   "uia_section": "Colegio de Arquitectos del Perú (CAP)",
   "country": "Peru"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "DO",
   "country_fr": "République dominicaine",
   "continent": "Americas",
   "body": "Colegio Dominicano de Ingenieros, Arquitectos y Agrimensores",
   "acronym": "CODIA",
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": false,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Sociedad de Arquitectos de la República Dominicana (SARD)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.uia-architectes.org/en/members/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Practice through CODIA colegiatura + an exequátur from the Executive (codia.org.do live but returns 403 to robots). The CODIA brings together engineers, architects AND land surveyors — no count of architects alone published. The UIA section is the SARD, not the CODIA.",
   "population_m": 11.3,
   "uia_section": "Sociedad de Arquitectos de la República Dominicana (SARD)",
   "country": "Dominican Republic"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "SV",
   "country_fr": "Salvador",
   "continent": "Americas",
   "body": "Colegio de Arquitectos de El Salvador",
   "acronym": "CADES",
   "body_type": "association",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "No compulsory colegiación law identified (gremios reported to be voluntary — not verified in a primary source, hence the nulls). CADES = UIA section (verified). cades.org.sv: generic content when tested, neither register nor headcount. The role of the VMVDU in registration for permits is to be verified.",
   "population_m": 6.3,
   "uia_section": "Colegio de Arquitectos de El Salvador",
   "country": "El Salvador"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "SR",
   "country_fr": "Suriname",
   "continent": "Americas",
   "body": "No registration body identified (verification incomplete)",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "none",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "No registration law and no order found (search cut short); no UIA section. The market is reported to work through engineering-architecture practices — TO BE CONFIRMED; null rather than estimated values.",
   "population_m": 0.62,
   "country": "Suriname"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "TT",
   "country_fr": "Trinité-et-Tobago",
   "continent": "Americas",
   "body": "Board of Architecture of Trinidad and Tobago (Architecture Profession Act, 1992)",
   "acronym": "BOATT",
   "body_type": "board",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 44,
   "headcount_year": 2026,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://boa-tt.org/list",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "https://boa-tt.org/list",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Trinidad and Tobago Institute of Architects (TTIA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://architecture.tt/find-an-architect/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "Annual “Registered Architects 2026” list online (44 registrants counted, cumulative numbering that includes those struck off), also in the Gazette. Section 16: title, submission and signature reserved to registrants. The TTIA (UIA section) keeps a separate directory. Very small headcount — annual list ≠ cumulative register.",
   "population_m": 1.5,
   "uia_section": "Trinidad & Tobago Institute of Architects (TTIA)",
   "country": "Trinidad and Tobago"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "UY",
   "country_fr": "Uruguay",
   "continent": "Americas",
   "body": "Sociedad de Arquitectos del Uruguay",
   "acronym": "SAU",
   "body_type": "association",
   "compulsory_registration": false,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 2500,
   "headcount_year": 2026,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://www.sau.org.uy/quienes-somos/",
   "headcount_source_type": "official_report",
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "No professional order and no compulsory registration: the university degree suffices. The SAU (1914, voluntary) states “más de 2,500 socios” (verified 2026) — an ASSOCIATION headcount, not that of the profession. PITFALL: its “Registro de Profesionales” is a voluntary job board, NOT a register of practice. An indirect count is possible through the professionals' pension fund (184,300 affiliates across all professions, with no breakdown). Protection of the title not verified.",
   "population_m": 3.4,
   "uia_section": "Sociedad de Arquitectos del Uruguay (SAU)",
   "country": "Uruguay"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "VE",
   "country_fr": "Venezuela",
   "continent": "Americas",
   "body": "Colegio de Ingenieros de Venezuela (colegio COMMON to engineers + architects)",
   "acronym": "CIV",
   "body_type": "engineers_union",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": "https://civ.net.ve/buscar-datos",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Colegio de Arquitectos de Venezuela (CAV, membre FPAA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": null,
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "Law of 1958 (Decreto 444, verified): architects record their qualifications with the CIV in order to practise (art. 18). Public search by CIV no. or cédula (civ.net.ve/buscar-datos, no login, verified) — individual lookups only: no count and no architects/engineers breakdown (headcount null). MAJOR PITFALL: the CAV's former domain (cav.org.ve) has been hijacked and serves an online betting site (observed August 2026) — cite no CAV URL. No UIA section for Venezuela.",
   "population_m": 28.3,
   "country": "Venezuela"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "EC",
   "country_fr": "Équateur",
   "continent": "Americas",
   "body": "Colegio de Arquitectos del Ecuador (VOLUNTARY membership since 2008)",
   "acronym": "CAE",
   "body_type": "association",
   "compulsory_registration": false,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": "https://titulos-edusuperior.minedec.gob.ec/consulta-titulos-web/faces/vista/consulta/consulta.xhtml",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "CAE Provincial de Pichincha",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://cae.org.ec/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Compulsory colegiación was declared unconstitutional (resolución 0038-2007-TC, 5 March 2008, reinforced by the 2008 Constitution): the CAE remains but membership is VOLUNTARY. Practice rests on the degree recorded in the national register of degrees (formerly SENESCYT, search by cédula, current URL verified). PITFALLS: an all-professions register, individual search only (no list and no count); cae.org.ec is the provincial colegio of Pichincha — no national portal (23 provincial colegios); “~16,000 members” circulates with no traceable source — not retained.",
   "population_m": 18.0,
   "uia_section": "Colegio de Arquitectos del Ecuador",
   "country": "Ecuador"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "US",
   "country_fr": "États-Unis",
   "continent": "Americas",
   "body": "Licensing by state: 54 jurisdictional boards, federated within the National Council of Architectural Registration Boards",
   "acronym": "NCARB",
   "body_type": "board",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 123398,
   "headcount_year": 2025,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://www.ncarb.org/press/the-number-of-us-architects-rose-6-2025",
   "headcount_source_type": "official_report",
   "register_url": "https://www.ncarb.org/get-licensed/state-licensing-boards/architect-lookup",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": "https://indreg.tbae.texas.gov/Reports/RegistrantRosters",
   "open_data_format": "CSV",
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "The American Institute of Architects (AIA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.aia.org/resource-center/membership-demographics-report",
     "effectif": 101057
    }
   ],
   "grade": "A",
   "notes": "NCARB 2025 survey (verified): 123,398 resident licences (= individuals), 269,720 licences in total of which 146,322 reciprocal — DO NOT add up the states (duplicates). No single national register: state-by-state searching. Downloadable rosters: Texas TBAE (real time, supplied in data/); Florida DBPR (weekly CSV extracts, page returns 403 to robots — open in a browser). California: 20,262 licences of which 16,241 resident; New York: 12,104 registrants as at 1 July 2026 (op.nysed.gov, verified). AIA: 101,057 members in 2025. Pitfall: state totals mix residents and reciprocals.",
   "population_m": 341.0,
   "uia_section": "American Institute of Architects (AIA)",
   "country": "United States"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "AF",
   "country_fr": "Afghanistan",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "No functioning statutory system identified",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "none",
   "compulsory_registration": false,
   "protected_title": false,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Afghanistan Engineers Council (AEC)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://afghanistanengineers.org/",
     "effectif": null
    },
    {
     "nom": "Society of Afghan Engineers (diaspora, US)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.afghanengineers.org/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "No professional order and no state register identified; associations only (AEC; SAE, founded 1993, diaspora; AEA Kabul 2008). Post-2021 context: no reliable public data — nothing is to be extrapolated.",
   "population_m": 42.0,
   "country": "Afghanistan"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "SA",
   "country_fr": "Arabie saoudite",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Saudi Council of Engineers (هيئة المهندسين السعودية)",
   "acronym": "SCE",
   "body_type": "engineers_union",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 14279,
   "headcount_year": 2014,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://www.arabnews.com/saudi-arabia/news/632801",
   "headcount_source_type": "press",
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "C",
   "notes": "SCE registration compulsory; architecture is a branch of the engineers’ council; licensing through Mumaris Plus. Architecture headcount: 14,279 = 2,314 Saudis + 11,965 expatriates (SCE report via Arab News, 2014, verified — DATED FIGURE, the SCE total at the time being ~144,000); >300,000 engineers claimed recently (not verified). saudieng.sa blocks fetches; checking Mumaris requires an account. UIA section = Saudi Umran Society.",
   "population_m": 33.0,
   "uia_section": "Saudi Umran Society (SUS)",
   "country": "Saudi Arabia"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "BH",
   "country_fr": "Bahreïn",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Council for Regulating the Practice of Engineering Professions",
   "acronym": "CRPEP",
   "body_type": "state_register",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": "https://www.crpep.bh/",
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Law no. 51 of 2014: individual licence compulsory, architecture = a regulated engineering profession. crpep.bh is live; public list of licensed FIRMS (blocked to robots, 403); a list of INDIVIDUALS is not confirmed. No headcount published.",
   "population_m": 1.5,
   "country": "Bahrain"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "BD",
   "country_fr": "Bangladesh",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Institute of Architects Bangladesh",
   "acronym": "IAB",
   "body_type": "association",
   "compulsory_registration": false,
   "protected_title": false,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 5000,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institute_of_Architects_Bangladesh",
   "headcount_source_type": "estimate",
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "VERIFIED: there is no statutory council and no Architects Act in Bangladesh — the IAB (1972) is an association. In practice, the drawings submitted for permits (RAJUK/BNBC) must be signed by an IAB member, which makes it the de facto register. “More than 5,000” members (order of magnitude, undated).",
   "population_m": 173.0,
   "uia_section": "Institute of Architects Bangladesh (IAB)",
   "country": "Bangladesh"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "BT",
   "country_fr": "Bhoutan",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Bhutan Construction and Transport Authority (formerly the Construction Development Board)",
   "acronym": "BCTA",
   "body_type": "state_register",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": "https://www.citizenservices.gov.bt/cdb/architectIndex",
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Registration of architects (Bhutanese citizens, certificate valid for 2 years) inherited from the CDB and taken over by the BCTA — bcta.gov.bt is live and points to citizenservices.gov.bt/cdb. PITFALLS: cdb.gov.bt no longer resolves; citizenservices.gov.bt presents a TLS certificate that is invalid to robots. A Bhutan Institute of Architects (BIA) is mentioned, with no verifiable online presence.",
   "population_m": 0.79,
   "country": "Bhutan"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "BN",
   "country_fr": "Brunei",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Board of Architects, Professional Engineers and Quantity Surveyors (Ministry of Development)",
   "acronym": "BAPEQS",
   "body_type": "board",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "PUJA Brunei",
     "type": "association",
     "url": null,
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "BAPEQS confirmed (the mod.gov.bn/bapeqs page is reduced to a banner); legal basis cited: Order 2011 — to be confirmed. The former lists of Registered Architects are no longer accessible.",
   "population_m": 0.45,
   "country": "Brunei"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "KH",
   "country_fr": "Cambodge",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Board of Architects Cambodia",
   "acronym": "BAC",
   "body_type": "board",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Architects Association Khmer (AAK, membre ARCASIA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": null,
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "The BAC (under the Ministry of Land Management) is reported, but bac.org.kh was unreachable when tested; the law has not been verified in a primary source — no figure supplied.",
   "population_m": 17.0,
   "country": "Cambodia"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "CN",
   "country_fr": "Chine",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "MOHURD — registered first-class architects (一级注册建筑师), national registration committee",
   "acronym": "MOHURD",
   "body_type": "state_register",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 51374,
   "headcount_year": 2025,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://www.hqwx.com/yjjzhus-kaoshi/news/17526483323500.html",
   "headcount_source_type": "press",
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Architectural Society of China (ASC, section UIA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": null,
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "C",
   "notes": "51,374 first-class architects in 2025 (MOHURD registration centre via a specialist journal, URL verified); 30,863 in 2020 (+66%). Two tiers (national/provincial). The official 四库一平台 register (jzsc.mohurd.gov.cn) is unreachable from outside China — URL not supplied. Design work goes mainly through qualified design institutes; individual registration serves the signature right.",
   "population_m": 1419.0,
   "uia_section": "Architectural Society of China (ASC)",
   "country": "China"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "KR",
   "country_fr": "Corée du Sud",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "건축사 state licence (MOLIT examination) — registration with KARB, operated by the Korea Institute of Registered Architects (대한건축사협회)",
   "acronym": "KIRA",
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 17472,
   "headcount_year": 2025,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://www.dnews.co.kr/uhtml/view.jsp?idxno=202602021359226950226",
   "headcount_source_type": "press",
   "register_url": "https://kirakarb.kira.or.kr/mainPage.do",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": "https://stat.molit.go.kr/portal/cate/statView.do?hFormId=5633&hRsId=372",
   "open_data_format": "XLSX",
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Korean Institute of Architects (KIA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.kia.or.kr",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "17,472 건축사 in 2025 against 12,462 in 2021 (+40%) — press citing KIRA data (verified); ~1,000-1,100 successful candidates a year. KIRA membership has become COMPULSORY again (reform passed January 2022). KARB: publicly searchable. MOLIT publishes 건축사현황 in XLSX every year (statistical portal verified). UIA: through the FIKA federation.",
   "population_m": 51.7,
   "uia_section": "Federation of Institutes of Korean Architects (FIKA)",
   "country": "South Korea"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "HK",
   "country_fr": "Hong Kong",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Architects Registration Board (Cap. 408)",
   "acronym": "ARB",
   "body_type": "board",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 4526,
   "headcount_year": 2026,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://www.arb.org.hk/en/the_register",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "https://www.arb.org.hk/en/the_register",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": "https://www.hkia.net/upload/finder/file/Membership/List%20of%20Member.pdf",
   "open_data_format": "PDF",
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Hong Kong Institute of Architects (HKIA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.hkia.net",
     "effectif": 4295
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "4,526 = count of the online ARB register (452 pages × 10 + 6, on 5 August 2026) — no total is displayed. Cap. 408 protects the title “Registered Architect”; plan submission goes through the separate Authorized Person regime (List I). The HKIA publishes a nominal list of its members as a PDF (verified, 10 June 2026: 4,295) — that is the association, not the register.",
   "population_m": 7.5,
   "uia_section": "Hong Kong Institute of Architects (HKIA)",
   "country": "Hong Kong"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "IN",
   "country_fr": "Inde",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Council of Architecture",
   "acronym": "COA",
   "body_type": "council",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 143552,
   "headcount_year": 2026,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://www.coa.gov.in/index1.php?lang=1&level=1&sublinkid=376&lid=330",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "https://www.coa.gov.in/search_arch.php?lang=1&level=1&sublinkid=925&lid=289",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Indian Institute of Architects (IIA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://indianinstituteofarchitects.com/",
     "effectif": 30000
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "Architects Act 1972: protects the title “architect” (not practice as such). Headcount = the COA’s “State-wise” table, current as at 5 August 2026 (verified on that date); Maharashtra 38,984, Tamil Nadu 15,993. Online directory verified: search by name/number/state, BUT limited to 3 searches per day per IP address, with unlimited access chargeable — no bulk download.",
   "population_m": 1442.0,
   "uia_section": "Indian Institute of Architects (IIA)",
   "country": "India"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "ID",
   "country_fr": "Indonésie",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Dewan Arsitek Indonesia — STRA national register (Law UU 6/2017)",
   "acronym": "DAI",
   "body_type": "council",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 4400,
   "headcount_year": 2024,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://www.kompas.com/properti/read/2024/02/21/130000021/baru-4.400-arsitek-di-indonesia-yang-kantongi-stra",
   "headcount_source_type": "press",
   "register_url": "https://appv2.dewanarsitek.id/direktoristra",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Ikatan Arsitek Indonesia (IAI) — 26 000 membres (2024)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.iai.or.id",
     "effectif": 26000
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "Recently established: 2017 law, DAI installed on 3 December 2020, STRA since 2021. 4,400 architects holding an STRA in February 2024 (Kompas, verified — a ratio of 1 per 80,000 inhabitants) against 26,000 IAI members: the gap = a transition still under way. Direktori STRA is public (verified). Beware the name clash: dai.or.id = the insurance council.",
   "population_m": 279.0,
   "uia_section": "Ikatan Arsitek Indonesia (IAI)",
   "country": "Indonesia"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "IQ",
   "country_fr": "Irak",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Iraqi Engineers Union (نقابة المهندسين العراقية)",
   "acronym": "IEU",
   "body_type": "engineers_union",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Law 62 of 1959; membership and grading compulsory in order to practise, architecture included. ieu-iq.org verified: no headcount and no public directory. PITFALL: Iraqi Kurdistan has its own union, not covered by the IEU — national counts are therefore partial.",
   "population_m": 45.5,
   "country": "Iraq"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "IR",
   "country_fr": "Iran",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Organisation of the Construction Engineering System (نظام مهندسی ساختمان)",
   "acronym": "IRCEO",
   "body_type": "engineers_union",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Act of 1995; architecture is one of the 7 registered disciplines, with a practising licence (پروانه اشتغال); 31 provincial organisations. All-disciplines headcount ~500,000 (Tehran statement, 2018, verified); ~600,000 announced in December 2025 (press, not verified against a primary source). The ARCHITECTS headcount has never been published separately. Searching is done through the provincial organisations (e.g. tceo.ir); the national sites are unstable.",
   "population_m": 89.0,
   "country": "Iran"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "IL",
   "country_fr": "Israël",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Registrar of Engineers and Architects (Ministry of Labour) — the engineers and architects pinkas",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "state_register",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": "https://www.gov.il/en/departments/units/engineers-and-architects-unit",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Israel Association of United Architects",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://isra-arch.org.il/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "Engineers and Architects Law 5718-1958: entry in the pinkas plus a licence for reserved acts; protected title. Public querying through data.labor.gov.il/EngineersAndArchitects.aspx. PITFALL: gov.il blocks robots (403) — the URLs are valid in a browser; no aggregate headcount is published; nothing on data.gov.il. IAUA = UIA section.",
   "population_m": 9.8,
   "uia_section": "Israel Association of United Architects",
   "country": "Israel"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "JP",
   "country_fr": "Japon",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Kenchikushi system (建築士) — MLIT state licence; central register of first-class holders kept by the federation of kenchikushi associations (designated central body)",
   "acronym": "MLIT/JFABEA",
   "body_type": "state_register",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 383923,
   "headcount_year": 2025,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://touroku.kenchikushikai.or.jp/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/tourokusu20250401.pdf",
   "headcount_source_type": "official_report",
   "register_url": "https://touroku.kenchikushikai.or.jp/meibo/",
   "register_searchable": false,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Japan Institute of Architects (JIA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.jia.or.jp",
     "effectif": null
    },
    {
     "nom": "日本建築士会連合会 (fédération des kenchikushi-kai préfectoraux)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "http://www.kenchikushikai.or.jp",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "C",
   "notes": "383,923 一級建築士 (first class) on the register as at 1 April 2025 (official PDF verified). MAJOR PITFALL: this is cumulative stock, not practising professionals — the title covers architects AND building engineers and includes the retired and the inactive (~44% were aged 60 or over in 2024); only ~38% are attached to a practice. There are also 796,459 second-class (prefectural) holders and 19,124 “timber” holders: ~1.2 M kenchikushi in all. The register can only be consulted in person. Do not equate kenchikushi with “architect” in the UIA sense.",
   "population_m": 123.5,
   "uia_section": "Japan Institute of Architects (JIA)",
   "country": "Japan",
   "out_of_scale": "a cumulative stock of first-class kenchikushi licences, never cleared and made up mostly of building engineers — neither an order's headcount nor a headcount of architects."
  },
  {
   "iso2": "JO",
   "country_fr": "Jordanie",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Jordan Engineers Association (نقابة المهندسين الأردنيين)",
   "acronym": "JEA",
   "body_type": "engineers_union",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Founded 1948/49, membership compulsory; the architects form the “Architectural Engineering Division”. Total across all disciplines >170,000 (2020). The architects’ headcount is not published; jea.org.jo is live but the English page of the architecture division is empty — the data live on the Arabic side; no public directory found.",
   "population_m": 11.4,
   "country": "Jordan"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "KZ",
   "country_fr": "Kazakhstan",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Ministry of Industry and Construction — State attestation of experts; licences to design companies",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "state_register",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": false,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Союз архитекторов Казахстана (section UIA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.uia-architectes.org/en/about/members-section/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Quick pass: no professional order — licences to COMPANIES, individual attestation for experts. Searching data.egov.kz brought nothing up; register to be looked for on the e-license/gov.kz side. Union of Architects = UIA section confirmed.",
   "population_m": 20.0,
   "uia_section": "Union of Architects of Kazakhstan",
   "country": "Kazakhstan"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "KG",
   "country_fr": "Kirghizistan",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Ministry of Construction, Architecture and Housing (formerly Gosstroy)",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "state_register",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Quick pass: gosstroy.gov.kg redirects to minstroy.gov.kg (verified). Activity licences managed by the State; no public register and no count. Not among the UIA sections; the national union reportedly survives through the МАСА (unverified).",
   "population_m": 7.1,
   "country": "Kyrgyzstan"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "KW",
   "country_fr": "Koweït",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Kuwait Society of Engineers (جمعية المهندسين الكويتية)",
   "acronym": "KSE",
   "body_type": "engineers_union",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Society founded in 1962; a de facto compulsory step (the Public Authority of Manpower requires the KSE NOC/membership for visas and for practice, architects included). Strict accreditation of degrees. kseonline.org verified, with no public directory and no statistics.",
   "population_m": 4.9,
   "country": "Kuwait"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "LA",
   "country_fr": "Laos",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Association of Lao Architects and Civil Engineers (no separate professional order; oversight by the MPWT)",
   "acronym": "ALACE",
   "body_type": "association",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "No public register and no headcount. The ALACE brings together architects AND civil engineers — do not take its headcount for a count of architects. Company licences through the MPWT.",
   "population_m": 7.6,
   "country": "Laos"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "LB",
   "country_fr": "Liban",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Ordre des ingénieurs et architectes (Beirut and Tripoli)",
   "acronym": "OEA",
   "body_type": "engineers_union",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Act of 1951: TWO separate orders — Beirut (oea.org.lb, the whole country except the North) and Tripoli (oea-tripoli.org.lb); membership compulsory, architects registered together with the engineers. Beirut: >50,000 members across all disciplines (LSE 2024); the architects’ headcount is not published. oea.org.lb blocks robots (403); any “Lebanon” statistic must add Beirut + Tripoli together.",
   "population_m": 5.8,
   "uia_section": "Lebanese Order of Engineers and Architects (OEA)",
   "country": "Lebanon"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "MO",
   "country_fr": "Macao",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Conselho de Arquitectura, Engenharia e Urbanismo (Law No. 1/2015)",
   "acronym": "CAEU",
   "body_type": "council",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Architects Association of Macau (AAM, section UIA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": null,
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Law 1/2015: recognition of qualifications and registration are handled by the CAEU — the site is live but no public list and no headcount are reachable from outside; the lists appear in the Official Gazette.",
   "population_m": 0.7,
   "uia_section": "Architects Association of Macau (AAM)",
   "country": "Macao"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "MY",
   "country_fr": "Malaisie",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Lembaga Arkitek Malaysia / Board of Architects Malaysia (Architects Act 1967)",
   "acronym": "LAM",
   "body_type": "board",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 2663,
   "headcount_year": 2026,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://www.lam.gov.my/search-member?atype=A",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "https://www.lam.gov.my/search-member?atype=A",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": "https://www.lam.gov.my/search-member?atype=A",
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Pertubuhan Akitek Malaysia (PAM)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.pam.org.my",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "A",
   "notes": "2,663 “Arkitek Profesional” counted on 5 August 2026: the COMPLETE nominal list is served on a single HTML page — de facto downloadable in bulk (grade A despite the absence of a CSV). The site requires a browser User-Agent (Cloudflare). LAM also registers Graduate Architects, technologists and others. UIA: PAM. Confirmed by direct count on 5 August 2026: 2,663 exactly (No 1-2663 unbroken; 2,661 distinct number-name pairs, two printing duplicates kept and flagged); sister role “Graduate Architect” seen on the portal, not harvested. Sister role harvested on 5 August 2026: 2,821 Registered Graduate Architects (No 1-2821 unbroken, double-checked) in the corpus annexe — the waiting room: 2,821 graduates for 2,663 Arkitek Profesional on the same day.",
   "population_m": 34.0,
   "uia_section": "Pertubuhan Akitek Malaysia (PAM)",
   "country": "Malaysia"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "MV",
   "country_fr": "Maldives",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Ministry of Infrastructure, Housing and Urban Development (registers of construction industry practitioners)",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "state_register",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": "https://infrastructure.gov.mv/en/registries",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "Construction Industry Practitioners Regulation (2019/R-1010): licensing on qualifications, applications through oneGov. The ministry publishes 12 registers online, among them the “Building Designers Registry” (index page confirmed). PITFALL: architects appear there under “building designers”.",
   "population_m": 0.52,
   "country": "Maldives"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "MN",
   "country_fr": "Mongolie",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Union of Mongolian Architects — association; design-activity licences from the Ministry of Construction",
   "acronym": "UMA",
   "body_type": "association",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Union of Mongolian Architects (UMA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://uma.mn",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "No public register of architects found. Regulation works through activity licences (design firms) rather than an individual register. ARCASIA: UMA is a member.",
   "population_m": 3.5,
   "uia_section": "Union of Mongolian Architects (UMA)",
   "country": "Mongolia"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "MM",
   "country_fr": "Myanmar",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Myanmar Architect Council (Law No. 39/2014)",
   "acronym": "MAC",
   "body_type": "council",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": "https://www.mac.org.mm/ralasla-aa-list/register-architects-list/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Association of Myanmar Architects (AMA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": null,
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "The MAC publishes lists by category (RA, LA, SLA, ASEAN Architect) — URLs verified. PITFALL: the lists are published as IMAGE GALLERIES (WordPress): they can be viewed but neither searched nor counted automatically; no aggregate total.",
   "population_m": 54.5,
   "country": "Myanmar"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "NP",
   "country_fr": "Népal",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Nepal Engineering Council",
   "acronym": "NEC",
   "body_type": "council",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Society of Nepalese Architects (SONA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://sona.org.np/",
     "effectif": 1900
    }
   ],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "No architects’ council — an “architects among engineers” regime: the NEC (Act of 1999, licensing by examination since 2022, 37 disciplines) also registers architects, and registration is required in order to sign drawings. The architecture headcount is not published. PITFALL: register.nec.gov.np is the examination enrolment portal, not a searchable register. SONA (UIA section) ~1,900 members; it is campaigning for a future Architects’ Council.",
   "population_m": 30.5,
   "uia_section": "Society of Nepalese Architects (SONA)",
   "country": "Nepal"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "OM",
   "country_fr": "Oman",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Oman Society of Engineers",
   "acronym": "OSE",
   "body_type": "engineers_union",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "The OSE was founded in 2001; since February 2023 the Ministry of Labour has required OSE classification of all engineers, with a “Professional Architect” category; the licensing of firms (MoCIIP) requires the OSE certificate. The system is reachable only through a log-in portal — no public register; no headcount published.",
   "population_m": 4.6,
   "country": "Oman"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "UZ",
   "country_fr": "Ouzbékistan",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Ministry of Construction — licences to design organisations",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "state_register",
   "compulsory_registration": false,
   "protected_title": false,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Союз архитекторов Узбекистана (section UIA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.uia-architectes.org/en/about/members-section/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Quick pass: no compulsory individual registration — licences to organisations. No public count. Union of Architects = UIA section confirmed.",
   "population_m": 36.0,
   "uia_section": "Union of Architects of Uzbekistan",
   "country": "Uzbekistan"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "PK",
   "country_fr": "Pakistan",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Pakistan Council of Architects and Town Planners",
   "acronym": "PCATP",
   "body_type": "council",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 4592,
   "headcount_year": 2023,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://pcatp.org.pk/document/Final%20Voters%20List%20of%20Architects%206Feb23%20for%20website.pdf",
   "headcount_source_type": "electoral_roll",
   "register_url": "https://pcatp.org.pk/architects.php",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": "https://pcatp.org.pk/document/Final%20Voters%20List%20of%20Architects%206Feb23%20for%20website.pdf",
   "open_data_format": "PDF",
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Institute of Architects Pakistan (IAP)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institute_of_Architects,_Pakistan",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "A",
   "notes": "PCATP Ordinance of 1983; registration compulsory in order to practise. Nominal list in PDF (electoral roll of architects in good standing, 4,592 names as at 6 February 2023) plus searchable pages. PITFALL: the TLS certificate of pcatp.org.pk has expired (observed on 5 August 2026); the 2023 list is a roll of electors (members in good standing), and the cumulative registered headcount is higher. IAP = UIA section. Reclassified on 5 August 2026 (direct count, zero discrepancy — “Total = 4592” printed on every page): an ELECTORAL roll of voters, hence a LOWER bound on the register (registration numbers running up to A08934, with massive gaps); breakdown: Punjab 2,012, Sindh 1,272, Islamabad 565, KP 509, Balochistan 137, Abroad 61, AJK 17, GB 17, FATA 2.",
   "population_m": 245.0,
   "uia_section": "Institute of Architects Pakistan (IAP)",
   "country": "Pakistan"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "PS",
   "country_fr": "Palestine",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Engineers Association – Jerusalem Center (نقابة المهندسين – مركز القدس)",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "engineers_union",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "An all-disciplines syndicate (architecture included), with Jerusalem/West Bank branches; a separate association in Gaza. ~24,000 members across all disciplines at the end of 2017; the architects’ share is not published. paleng.org publishes databases of FIRMS (2024-2026), not a directory of individuals. The UIA section is the “Association of Architects of Palestine”, separate from the syndicate.",
   "population_m": 5.5,
   "uia_section": "Association of Architects of Palestine (AAP)",
   "country": "Palestine"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "PH",
   "country_fr": "Philippines",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Professional Regulation Commission — Board of Architecture (RA 9266 of 2004)",
   "acronym": "PRC",
   "body_type": "state_register",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 58000,
   "headcount_year": 2024,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Architects_of_the_Philippines",
   "headcount_source_type": "estimate",
   "register_url": "https://verification.prc.gov.ph",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "United Architects of the Philippines (UAP) — IAPOA accréditée",
     "type": "association",
     "url": null,
     "effectif": 58000
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "58,000 = headcount claimed by the UAP (2024); as the UAP is the compulsory integrated organisation, this is a good proxy for the PRC total — the exact PRC figure is released only on FOI request. Name-by-name verification online (verification.prc.gov.ph). Strong flow: 2,799 candidates passed the June 2026 examination (85%). The UAP's former domain is lost (it redirects to a third-party site).",
   "population_m": 114.0,
   "uia_section": "United Architects of the Philippines (UAP)",
   "country": "Philippines"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "QA",
   "country_fr": "Qatar",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Engineers’ accreditation committee of the Ministry of Municipality (known as UPDA/MMUP)",
   "acronym": "UPDA",
   "body_type": "state_register",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Law no. 19 of 2005: compulsory registration (examination plus interview, with grades); architecture treated as an engineering speciality (the “UPDA Architecture” examination). NAMING PITFALL: the UPDA no longer exists as an authority — the acronym survives for the ministry’s committee. No public list and no headcount can be verified.",
   "population_m": 2.7,
   "country": "Qatar"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "SG",
   "country_fr": "Singapour",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Board of Architects (Architects Act 1991)",
   "acronym": "BOA",
   "body_type": "board",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": 1999,
   "headcount_year": 2026,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://data.gov.sg/datasets/d_d77de0f78ca589a5c61da7a60fdee6ba/view",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "https://www.boa.gov.sg/find-architects/register-of-architects/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": "https://data.gov.sg/datasets/d_d77de0f78ca589a5c61da7a60fdee6ba/view",
   "open_data_format": "CSV",
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Singapore Institute of Architects (SIA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": null,
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "A",
   "notes": "EXEMPLARY CASE: the BOA register is open data on data.gov.sg (nominal CSV: name, number, practice; 1,999 records counted via the API on 5 August 2026, current as at 13 July 2026) = holders of a practising certificate. Companion datasets: practices and foreign architects. The Architects Act reserves architectural services to registrants. The SIA is ABSENT from the list of UIA sections (verified).",
   "population_m": 5.9,
   "country": "Singapore"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "LK",
   "country_fr": "Sri Lanka",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Architects Registration Board (under the SLIA Act)",
   "acronym": "ARB",
   "body_type": "board",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": "https://www.arb.lk/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": "https://www.arb.lk/",
   "open_data_format": "XLSX",
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Sri Lanka Institute of Architects (SLIA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://slia.lk/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "A",
   "notes": "The ARB was created by Amendment Act no. 14 of 1996 (SLIA Act 1976); annual registration compulsory in 3 categories (Chartered Architects, Architects, Architectural Licentiates); annual publication in an Extraordinary Gazette. VERIFIED: arb.lk publishes 3 nominal Google Sheets (names, addresses, qualifications, numbers, contact details) that can be exported — the “Chartered” sheet was opened successfully; the headcount has to be counted from the sheets (no aggregate is published). slia.lk blocks robots (403) but is live.",
   "population_m": 22.0,
   "uia_section": "Sri Lanka Institute of Architects (SLIA)",
   "country": "Sri Lanka"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "SY",
   "country_fr": "Syrie",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Syndicate of Syrian Engineers (نقابة المهندسين السوريين)",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "engineers_union",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "A single syndicate covering all disciplines, architecture included; the historic UIA section is the “Order of Syrian Engineers and Architects”. ~300,000 engineers across all disciplines (SANA, 1 April 2026, verified); the architects’ share is not published. The institutions are being reconstituted post-2024 — every figure is provisional; engsyn.org no longer resolves.",
   "population_m": 24.0,
   "uia_section": "Order of Syrian Engineers and Architects",
   "country": "Syria"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "TJ",
   "country_fr": "Tadjikistan",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Committee for Architecture and Construction under the Government",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "state_register",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Quick pass: the committee's site (tajsohtmon.tj) no longer resolves — no deliverable URL. Licences to organisations; no public register. Not among the UIA sections.",
   "population_m": 10.1,
   "country": "Tajikistan"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "TW",
   "country_fr": "Taïwan",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "建築師 state licence (national examination) + compulsory membership of a local order federated by the National Architects Association",
   "acronym": "NAA",
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "中華民國全國建築師公會 (NAA, fédère 18 ordres locaux)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.naa.org.tw",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "建築師法 regime: examination, certificate, then a practice-opening licence and compulsory membership of the local 公會. No verifiable national headcount found (the building portal is inaccessible from outside Taiwan; the Ministry of the Interior's statistical yearbook publishes 建築師開業人數 but could not be consulted). UIA: “Chinese Taipei Association of Architects”; not an ARCASIA member.",
   "population_m": 23.4,
   "uia_section": "Chinese Taipei Association of Architects",
   "country": "Taiwan"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "TH",
   "country_fr": "Thaïlande",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Architect Council of Thailand (สภาสถาปนิก), Architect Act B.E. 2543 (2000)",
   "acronym": "ACT",
   "body_type": "council",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Association of Siamese Architects (ASA) — 11 372 membres en règle",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://asa.or.th/member-stat/",
     "effectif": 11372
    }
   ],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "The ACT licenses 4 fields across 3 grades. No public TOTAL found: the official annual reports (PDFs verified) do not publish the headcount; the former online verification tool is dead (404). The ASA displays 11,372 members in good standing (member-stat page) — that is the association, not the council. UIA: ASA.",
   "population_m": 71.7,
   "uia_section": "Association of Siamese Architects (ASA)",
   "country": "Thailand"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "TL",
   "country_fr": "Timor-Leste",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "No registration body identified",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "none",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "No professional order, board or national association found; neither ARCASIA nor UIA. A tiny market, with professionals often registered abroad.",
   "population_m": 1.4,
   "country": "Timor-Leste"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "TM",
   "country_fr": "Turkménistan",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Ministry of Construction and Architecture",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "state_register",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Quick pass: near-total opacity — no public register, no headcount, no verifiable URL. Not among the UIA sections; the existence of an active union is uncertain.",
   "population_m": 6.5,
   "country": "Turkmenistan"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "VN",
   "country_fr": "Vietnam",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Practice certificates (chứng chỉ hành nghề kiến trúc) issued by the provincial Departments of Construction — Architecture Law No. 40/2019/QH14",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "state_register",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Hội Kiến trúc sư Việt Nam (VAA, fondée 1948) — ~6 000 membres (2015)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://kienviet.net",
     "effectif": 6000
    }
   ],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Issued at PROVINCIAL level (Sở Xây dựng), with examinations entrusted to the socio-professional organisations (including the VAA); no national total published, and the national portal was unreachable when tested. UIA: Vietnamese section.",
   "population_m": 100.0,
   "uia_section": "Vietnam Association of Architects (KTSVN)",
   "country": "Vietnam"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "YE",
   "country_fr": "Yémen",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Syndicate of Yemeni Engineers (نقابة المهندسين اليمنيين)",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "engineers_union",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "An all-specialities syndicate, architecture included; no reliable official website (a social-media presence only). A “Yemeni Architects Society” (Sana’a, 2008) exists, with no verifiable website. The country is de facto split and its institutions duplicated — no headcount can be inferred.",
   "population_m": 34.5,
   "country": "Yemen"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "AE",
   "country_fr": "Émirats arabes unis",
   "continent": "Asia",
   "body": "Society of Engineers – UAE + professional licensing emirate by emirate (Dubai Municipality, DMT/TAMM Abu Dhabi)",
   "acronym": "SOE",
   "body_type": "engineers_union",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "NO single national register: SOE membership plus a licence in each emirate (Dubai Municipality examination, the TAMM portal in Abu Dhabi, and so on). Architects follow the engineers’ route (“architectural engineer”). No headcount published; soeuae.ae unreachable. Counting the architects of the UAE would require aggregating 7 separate regimes.",
   "population_m": 10.0,
   "uia_section": "Architects of the Society of Engineers (UAE)",
   "country": "United Arab Emirates"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "AL",
   "country_fr": "Albanie",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Ministria e Infrastrukturës dhe Energjisë (individual and company licences for design/supervision)",
   "acronym": "MIE",
   "body_type": "state_register",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": false,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": "https://www.infrastruktura.gov.al/regjistrat-2/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Shoqata e Arkitektëve të Shqipërisë (SHASH, section UIA — site en erreur SSL)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.uia-architectes.org/en/about/members-section/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "No order in force: the “Urdhri i Arkitektit” bill was still under debate at the end of 2025 (petitions against it). MIE professional licences (through e-Albania); the title is not protected. The Regjistrat page publishes nominal PDFs (including “Individë... studim e projektim”, version of 29 January 2025), but the PDFs sit behind the Incapsula anti-bot — counting impossible, headcount null. Separate lists for individuals/companies and design/supervision; architects are not separated out there as a matter of course.",
   "population_m": 2.7,
   "uia_section": "Shoqata e Arkitekteve te Shqiperise (SHASH)",
   "country": "Albania"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "DE",
   "country_fr": "Allemagne",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Bundesarchitektenkammer (federation of the 16 Länderarchitektenkammern)",
   "acronym": "BAK",
   "body_type": "chamber",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 142347,
   "headcount_year": 2026,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://bak.de/kammer-und-beruf/daten-fakten/bundeskammerstatistik/",
   "headcount_source_type": "official_report",
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": false,
   "open_data_url": "https://bak.de/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/Bundeskammerstatistik-zum-01.01.2025-gesamt-1.pdf",
   "open_data_format": "PDF",
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "BDA — Bund Deutscher Architektinnen und Architekten",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.bda-bund.de/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "C",
   "notes": "Federal pitfall: registration is with the chamber of the LAND; the BAK keeps no register. 142,347 members as at 1 January 2026 across 4 professions taken together; of which 115,664 Hochbauarchitekten as at 1 January 2025 (Bundeskammerstatistik PDF, verified); ACE 2024: 120,200. No national search portal: each Land chamber offers its own directory. The BAK PDFs are aggregates, not nominal lists.",
   "population_m": 84.5,
   "uia_section": "Bundesarchitektenkammer (BAK)",
   "ace_headcount_2024": 120200,
   "country": "Germany"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "AD",
   "country_fr": "Andorre",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Col·legi Oficial d'Arquitectes d'Andorra",
   "acronym": "COAA",
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 144,
   "headcount_year": 2026,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://coaa.ad/llistat-darquitectes-en-exercici/",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "https://coaa.ad/llistat-darquitectes-en-exercici/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": "https://coaa.ad/llistat-darquitectes-en-exercici/",
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "A",
   "notes": "The “llista d'arquitectes en exercici” publishes all practising registrants in full (name, address, col·legiat number) on a single HTML page — 94 entries counted on 5 August 2026 (numbers issued up to 198; 2022 press: ~138 col·legiats in all). Separate list for architects in public administration. No CSV or PDF despite the list being complete. Not to be confused with the Col·legi d'Arquitectes Tècnics. CORRECTION 5 August 2026 (direct count): 133 architects en exercici — the 94 counted ONLY the masculine token “Número de col·legiat” and missed the 37 “col·legiada” (women); plus 21 not in practice, 15 técnics, 26 perits in annexes; a 7th list, “administració pública”, seen in the menu, not harvested. COMPLETED 5 August 2026: 7th list “arquitectes a l'administració pública” harvested — 11 architects (Govern d'Andorra ×4, comuns ×7; 3 col·legiades), ZERO overlap with the other six lists (their numbers fill gaps in the 1-198 series); active headcount = 133 en exercici + 11 in administration = 144, the same rule as Tunisia/CI for public servants.",
   "population_m": 0.08,
   "uia_section": "Col·legi Oficial d'Arquitectes d'Andorra",
   "country": "Andorra"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "AM",
   "country_fr": "Arménie",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Urban Development Committee (Քաղաքաշինության կոմիտե) — licences for organisations + certification of responsible specialists",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "state_register",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": false,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": "https://www.minurban.am/hy/document/kaghakashinutyan-bnagavarum-havastagrvats-andzants-tsank",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": "https://www.minurban.am/uploads/8828aefe021975bb15b4bfd5f1c8a882-shmz.xlsx",
   "open_data_format": "XLSX",
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Union of Architects of Armenia (Հայաստանի ճարտարապետների միություն)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenian_Union_of_Architects",
     "effectif": 643
    }
   ],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "DOWNLOADABLE nominal State register (XLSX verified, 28 June 2026): 3,146 certificates for 2,193 individuals — BUT group 01 (town-planning documents) expressly EXCLUDES the architectural parts; architecture appears only under expert appraisal (code 02.01: 16 certificates). It is impossible to count design architects — headcount left null despite good-quality open data. Union of Architects: 643 members (year unknown), UIA member; uaa.am offline. Pitfall: do not present the 2,193 certificate holders as architects.",
   "population_m": 3.0,
   "uia_section": "Union of Architects of Armenia",
   "country": "Armenia"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "AT",
   "country_fr": "Autriche",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Bundeskammer der Ziviltechniker:innen (4 regional chambers, architects + engineers)",
   "acronym": "BKZT",
   "body_type": "chamber",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 4718,
   "headcount_year": 2025,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://bund.zt.at/kammer/ueber-uns/statistik-mitglieder",
   "headcount_source_type": "official_report",
   "register_url": "https://ziviltechniker.at/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "IG Architektur",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.ig-architektur.at/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "Ziviltechnikergesetz 2019: membership of the joint architects-and-engineers chamber follows automatically. As at 31 December 2025: 4,718 architects (3,181 in practice, 1,537 dormant) out of 9,798 members — statistics page verified; the ACE estimated 6,000. Do not confuse total headcount with an active authorisation (Befugnis).",
   "population_m": 9.1,
   "uia_section": "Austrian Federal Chamber of Architects and Chartered Engineering Consultants (BKZT)",
   "ace_headcount_2024": 6000,
   "country": "Austria"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "AZ",
   "country_fr": "Azerbaïdjan",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "No individual register — activity licences issued to legal entities (State Committee for Urban Planning and Architecture)",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "none",
   "compulsory_registration": false,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Azərbaycan Memarlar İttifaqı (Union des architectes)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://uaa.az/en/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "The State Committee (arxkom.gov.az, verified) keeps NO register of architects (master plans, permits, register of BUILDINGS). Licences to legal entities (2016 law); e-qanun.az and icaze.gov.az unreachable at the time of testing. The Union of memarlar (1934/36, UIA section, uaa.az verified) does not publish its headcount. Any estimate would be invented — no public nominal data.",
   "population_m": 10.2,
   "uia_section": "Union of Architects of Azerbaijan",
   "country": "Azerbaijan"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "BE",
   "country_fr": "Belgique",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Ordre des architectes / Orde van Architecten (two wings: Vlaamse Raad and Conseil francophone et germanophone)",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 14351,
   "headcount_year": 2024,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://www.architect.be/sites/default/files/2025-06/Jaarverslag%202024_0.pdf",
   "headcount_source_type": "official_report",
   "register_url": "https://vind.architect.be",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "NAV — Netwerk Architecten Vlaanderen",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.nav.be/",
     "effectif": null
    },
    {
     "nom": "G30 (collectif de grandes agences belges)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://g30.be/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "Law of 20 February 1939 (protection of the title and of the profession) + law of 26 June 1963 (the Order). As at 31 December 2024: 8,282 registrants in Flanders + 6,069 on the French-speaking side = 14,351 natural persons, EXCLUDING 1,597 trainees and 4,618 legal persons (Jaarverslag 2024, verified); ACE: 15,900. Figures split between two linguistic wings and ten provincial councils; the UIA section is the FAB, not the Order. Public search also available via ordredesarchitectes.be.",
   "population_m": 11.8,
   "uia_section": "Royal Federation of Architects of Belgium (FAB)",
   "ace_headcount_2024": 15900,
   "country": "Belgium"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "BY",
   "country_fr": "Biélorussie",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "State qualification attestation (Ministry of Architecture and Construction), operated by РУП “Белстройцентр”",
   "acronym": "BSC",
   "body_type": "state_register",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": false,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Белорусский союз архитекторов (BSA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2",
     "effectif": 720
    }
   ],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "An Аттестат квалификационный is required for regulated functions (Code of architectural and town-planning activity, 17.07.2023, ch. 8); examinations and register held by Belstroycentr. A nominal register is said to exist online (rcuk.bsc.by/att_search) but the WHOLE .by domain remained unreachable from this network (403/DNS) — URLs not verified and therefore not delivered; no aggregate headcount found. BSA (founded 1935, UIA member): 720 members (bsa.by snippet) to “more than 1,000” (Russian Wikipedia) — discrepancy not settled.",
   "population_m": 9.0,
   "uia_section": "Belarusian Union of Architects",
   "country": "Belarus"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "BA",
   "country_fr": "Bosnie-Herzégovine",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Licensing by entity: Federalno ministarstvo prostornog uređenja (FBiH); RS ministry; Brčko separate",
   "acronym": "FMPU",
   "body_type": "state_register",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": 226,
   "headcount_year": 2026,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://fmpu.gov.ba/ovlastenja/fizicka-lica-osobe/",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "https://fmpu.gov.ba/ovlastenja/fizicka-lica-osobe/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Asocijacija arhitekata u Bosni i Hercegovini (AABH)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://aabh.ba/",
     "effectif": 500
    },
    {
     "nom": "Inžinjerska komora FBiH (sans pouvoir de licence)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://ikfbih.ba/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "Competence split between the entities. FBiH: the FMPU publishes a public nominal table of authorised persons — ≈2,157 people, of whom 226 under “Arhitektura” (direct count, August 2026); the headcount shown covers ONLY the Federation. RS: ministerial licences, with no consolidated public list found. The title is not protected as such (activity authorisations). AABH (500+ members, 1995) is an association; BiH is absent from the list of UIA sections. Never add FBiH+RS together without saying so.",
   "population_m": 3.2,
   "country": "Bosnia and Herzegovina"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "BG",
   "country_fr": "Bulgarie",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Камара на архитектите в България",
   "acronym": "KAB",
   "body_type": "chamber",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 3571,
   "headcount_year": 2026,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://dv.parliament.bg/DVWeb/showMaterialDV.jsp?idMat=240697",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "https://kab.bg/registr/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": "https://dv.parliament.bg/DVWeb/showMaterialDV.jsp?idMat=240697",
   "open_data_format": "HTML",
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Съюз на архитектите в България (САБ) — association, section UIA",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://bularch.eu/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "A",
   "notes": "ЗКАИИП Act: design capacity (ППП/ОПП) is obtained compulsorily through the КАБ; “more than 4,500” architects, landscape architects and urban planners (official site, recorded from extracts — kab.bg serves a JS challenge to robots). The complete register is promulgated every year in the Държавен вестник (e.g. ДВ бр. 34 of 11.04.2023) → massive nominal list in PDF. UIA section = САБ (association), not the КАБ. ACE 2024: 4,000. CORRECTION 5 August 2026 (direct count of the Регистър 2026 in ДВ брой 10 of 27.01.2026, grade B→A): 3,571 architects with FULL ППП capacity (3,269 BG + 9 EU + 6 third-country + 287 under art. 230 ЗУТ) — the former “4,500+” conflated architects, landscape architects (318) and urban planners (27, in the corpus annexes) across all capacities; WARNING: volumes II-III (ОПП, restricted capacity) are in ANOTHER ДВ material, not yet harvested — 3,571 is an exact floor (a lower bound), not the КАБ total.",
   "population_m": 6.4,
   "uia_section": "Union of Architects of Bulgaria (UAB)",
   "ace_headcount_2024": 4000,
   "country": "Bulgaria"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "CY",
   "country_fr": "Chypre",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Επιστημονικό Τεχνικό Επιμελητήριο Κύπρου (ETEK)",
   "acronym": "ETEK",
   "body_type": "chamber",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 3100,
   "headcount_year": 2024,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://ace-cae.eu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/2024-ACE-Sector-Study-EN-04042025.pdf",
   "headcount_source_type": "sector_study",
   "register_url": "https://www.etek.org.cy/el/mitrwa-melwn",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Cyprus Architects Association — « Μητρώο Αρχιτεκτόνων » public",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://architecture.org.cy/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "Registration with the ETEK by branch (architecture) is compulsory; public catalogue of members. No per-branch statistic found → headcount = ACE 2024 (revised from 950 to 3,000 in 2022 after realignment with the ETEK register). CAUTION: the UIA section is the Cyprus Civil Engineers & Architects Association (CCEAA), not the ETEK.",
   "population_m": 1.26,
   "uia_section": "Cyprus Civil Engineers & Architects Association (CCEAA)",
   "ace_headcount_2024": 3100,
   "country": "Cyprus"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "HR",
   "country_fr": "Croatie",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Hrvatska komora arhitekata",
   "acronym": "HKA",
   "body_type": "chamber",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": 2998,
   "headcount_year": 2026,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://www.arhitekti-hka.hr/hr/imenik/imenik-ovlastenih-arhitekata/?poc=A",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "https://www.arhitekti-hka.hr/hr/imenik/imenik-ovlastenih-arhitekata/?poc=A",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Udruženje hrvatskih arhitekata (UHA) — fédération de 11 sociétés régionales",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.uha.hr/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "Public imenik with a displayed total: 2,998 active (4,078 including retired/dormant), recorded 2026. The title “ovlašteni arhitekt” is protected (2015 Act). Pitfalls: separate register for urban planners (do not add them together without de-duplicating); Croatia does NOT appear on the list of UIA sections checked in August 2026 (the UHA was nevertheless a member of it — to be re-verified). ACE 2024: 2,900 — concurs.",
   "population_m": 3.85,
   "ace_headcount_2024": 2900,
   "country": "Croatia"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "DK",
   "country_fr": "Danemark",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Akademisk Arkitektforening (Arkitektforeningen)",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "association",
   "compulsory_registration": false,
   "protected_title": false,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 6000,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://arkitektforeningen.dk/organisation/",
   "headcount_source_type": "official_report",
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": false,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Arkitektforeningen — « Find et medlem » (annuaire public des MAA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://arkitektforeningen.dk/medlemmer/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "“Arkitekt” is unrestricted (the association’s FAQ); “arkitekt MAA” is the de facto protected title. “Cirka 6 000 medlemmer” (website, undated, consulted August 2026). The members’ directory can be searched. ACE 2024: 10,300 (includes non-MAA architects). Others: FAOD (trade union), Danske Arkitektvirksomheder (employers).",
   "population_m": 6.0,
   "uia_section": "Danish Association of Architects (Arkitektforeningen)",
   "ace_headcount_2024": 10300,
   "country": "Denmark"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "ES",
   "country_fr": "Espagne",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Consejo Superior de los Colegios de Arquitectos de España",
   "acronym": "CSCAE",
   "body_type": "council",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 50500,
   "headcount_year": 2024,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://ace-cae.eu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/2024-ACE-Sector-Study-EN-04042025.pdf",
   "headcount_source_type": "sector_study",
   "register_url": "https://www.cscae.com/index.php/ventanilla-unica/registro-arquitectos",
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "COAM — Red de arquitectos (colegio de Madrid, annuaire public, >10 000 colegiados)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.coam.org/red-arquitectos/",
     "effectif": null
    },
    {
     "nom": "COAG — búsqueda de colegiados (Galice)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://portal.coag.es/es/busqueda-de-colegiados/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "Colegiación compulsory (Ley 2/1974; visado of projects) through the regional colegios, headed by the CSCAE. PITFALL: no consolidated official figure is published (“no hay un dato oficial” — confirmed); headcount = ACE 2024 estimate (series: 47,600 in 2020, 50,000 in 2022). Public search by name at colegio level; the national Registro (Ventanilla Única) not verified as a public search engine.",
   "population_m": 48.4,
   "uia_section": "Consejo Superior de los Colegios de Arquitectos de España (CSCAE)",
   "ace_headcount_2024": 50500,
   "country": "Spain"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "EE",
   "country_fr": "Estonie",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Eesti Arhitektide Liit — awarding body for the “volitatud arhitekt” qualification, certificates held in the Kutseregister (state register)",
   "acronym": "EAL",
   "body_type": "association",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": false,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": 1000,
   "headcount_year": 2024,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://ace-cae.eu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/2024-ACE-Sector-Study-EN-04042025.pdf",
   "headcount_source_type": "sector_study",
   "register_url": "https://www.kutseregister.ee/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "EAL — liste nominative publique des membres (~900 tegevliikmed)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://arhliit.ee/liikmete-nimekiri/",
     "effectif": 900
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "The title is not protected, but the ehitusseadustik requires a qualification (volitatud arhitekt tase 7/8, awarded by the EAL) in order to take responsibility for a design → registration compulsory in order to PRACTISE under one’s own responsibility. Certificates can be consulted in the public Kutseregister; no export verified. Headcount = ACE 2024. Absent from the list of UIA sections (verified).",
   "population_m": 1.37,
   "ace_headcount_2024": 1000,
   "country": "Estonia"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "FI",
   "country_fr": "Finlande",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Suomen Arkkitehtiliitto (SAFA)",
   "acronym": "SAFA",
   "body_type": "association",
   "compulsory_registration": false,
   "protected_title": false,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 3900,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://www.safa.fi/safa/",
   "headcount_source_type": "official_report",
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": false,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "FISE Oy — registre volontaire de compétences du bâtiment (consultable publiquement)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.patevyyspalvelu.fi",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "The profession is unregulated: neither a protected title nor compulsory registration — the designer’s competence is checked PROJECT BY PROJECT by the permit authority. FISE Oy maintains a public voluntary register (76 competence titles). “3 900 arkkitehtia ja arkkitehtiopiskelijaa” (SAFA website, students included, undated); ACE 2024: 3,900 as well.",
   "population_m": 5.6,
   "uia_section": "Finnish Association of Architects (SAFA)",
   "ace_headcount_2024": 3900,
   "country": "Finland"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "FR",
   "country_fr": "France",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Ordre des architectes — Conseil national de l'Ordre des architectes",
   "acronym": "CNOA",
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 29500,
   "headcount_year": 2023,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://www.culture.gouv.fr/mc/content/download/391058/file/Chiffres%20cl%C3%A9s%202025_DEPS_Architecture_Fiche.pdf?inLanguage=fre-FR&version=1",
   "headcount_source_type": "official_report",
   "register_url": "https://annuaire.architectes.org/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "UNSFA — Union des architectes",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.unsfa.fr/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "Law of 3 January 1977: title and practice reserved to those entered on the Order's register (kept by 17 regional councils). Ministry of Culture figure: “more than 29,500” in 2023 (primary source: the CNOA's Archigraphie 2024); ACE 2024: 30,600. No open data set of the Order's register: data.gouv.fr API search = 0 results (verified August 2026).",
   "population_m": 66.5,
   "uia_section": "Conseil National de l'Ordre des Architectes (CNOA)",
   "ace_headcount_2024": 30600,
   "country": "France"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "GR",
   "country_fr": "Grèce",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Τεχνικό Επιμελητήριο Ελλάδας (Technical Chamber of Greece)",
   "acronym": "TEE/TCG",
   "body_type": "chamber",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 20236,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://web.tee.gr/tmima-mitroon/meli-tee/",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "https://web.tee.gr/tmima-mitroon/meli-tee/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "SADAS-PEA (association panhellénique des seuls architectes)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.sadas-pea.gr/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "SPECIAL REGIME: architects registered with the TEE ALONGSIDE the engineers — 122,154 members across 15 specialities, of whom 20,236 are “αρχιτέκτονες μηχανικοί” (official page, undated, consulted August 2026). A practising licence plus TEE registration are both compulsory. Public search by name (Μητρώο). The UIA section is the TEE, not SADAS. ACE 2024: 17,000 — the TEE register also counts non-active members.",
   "population_m": 10.3,
   "uia_section": "Technical Chamber of Greece (TEE-TCG)",
   "ace_headcount_2024": 17000,
   "country": "Greece"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "GE",
   "country_fr": "Géorgie",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "No professional order and no compulsory register (deregulated profession) — State certification being introduced",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "none",
   "compulsory_registration": false,
   "protected_title": false,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Union of Architects of Georgia (საქართველოს არქიტექტორთა კავშირი)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A5%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A5%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%90_%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%A8%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98",
     "effectif": 722
    }
   ],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "FINDING (verified on matsne.gov.ge, doc 32506, law “on architectural activity” amended 9 June 2026): art. 4 — only a certified architect will be able to sign off a project, transitional exemption until 20 December 2026; certifying body not yet designated — to be re-verified in early 2027. At present: no licence, no chamber, no register. Creative union (1931, 722 members, UIA section) with no verified official site. Pitfall: “Georgia architect license” returns the US state.",
   "population_m": 3.7,
   "uia_section": "Union of Architects of Georgia",
   "country": "Georgia"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "HU",
   "country_fr": "Hongrie",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Magyar Építész Kamara",
   "acronym": "MÉK",
   "body_type": "chamber",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": false,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 11499,
   "headcount_year": 2023,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://szakmaikamarak.hu/tagjaink/magyar-epitesz-kamara/",
   "headcount_source_type": "official_report",
   "register_url": "https://eugyintezes.mekon.hu/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Budapesti Építész Kamara — névjegyzék territorial",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.bek.hu/bek.nsf/nevjegyzek.xsp",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "Membership compulsory for design practice rights; it is the activity that is reserved, not the title. 11,499 members (2023) — includes ALL MÉK specialisms (design, interior, landscape, urban planning), not only design architects (ACE 2024 estimates 7,000 architects). The MEKON névjegyzék is searchable, with no total and no export; scope widened since October 2024 (site managers) — inflated series to come.",
   "population_m": 9.6,
   "uia_section": "Association of Hungarian Architects (MÉSZ)",
   "ace_headcount_2024": 7000,
   "country": "Hungary"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "IE",
   "country_fr": "Irlande",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Royal Institute of the Architects of Ireland (statutory registration body)",
   "acronym": "RIAI",
   "body_type": "association",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 3592,
   "headcount_year": 2024,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://www.riai.ie/uploads/files/general-files/RIAI_Annual_Report_2024.pdf",
   "headcount_source_type": "official_report",
   "register_url": "https://www.riai.ie/work-with-an-architect/register-of-architects",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "RIAI (rôle d'institut professionnel)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.riai.ie/",
     "effectif": 4805
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "Building Control Act 2007 (Part 3): title protected since 2007, RIAI designated “Registration Body”. 3,592 architects on the register as at 31 December 2024 (annual report verified); ~10% non-resident; ACE: 3,500. A dual role, institute + register — the count of “RIAI members” (4,805) differs from the statutory register.",
   "population_m": 5.3,
   "uia_section": "Royal Institute of the Architects of Ireland (RIAI)",
   "ace_headcount_2024": 3500,
   "country": "Ireland"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "IS",
   "country_fr": "Islande",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Ministry of Industry — löggilding of the title “arkitekt” (Act no. 8/1996); HMS for the löggilding of designers",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "state_register",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Arkitektafélag Íslands (AÍ) — association (hébergée par Miðstöð hönnunar og arkitektúrs)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.honnunarmidstod.is/fagfelog/arkitektafelag-islands",
     "effectif": 400
    }
   ],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "A Nordic EXCEPTION: the title “arkitekt (húsameistari)” IS protected (Act 8/1996, verified on althingi.is) — ministerial authorisation, and art. 6 requires a register of those authorised, which was not found online. In parallel, the HMS issues the löggilding of designers (Act 160/2010) — hms.is returned 429 when tested. No official headcount published; AÍ ≈ 400 members (association content, undated). Out of ACE scope.",
   "population_m": 0.39,
   "uia_section": "Architects Association of Iceland",
   "country": "Iceland"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "IT",
   "country_fr": "Italie",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Consiglio Nazionale degli Architetti, Pianificatori, Paesaggisti e Conservatori",
   "acronym": "CNAPPC",
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 154117,
   "headcount_year": 2025,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://www.ingenio-web.it/articoli/pari-opportunita-nell-architettura-italiana-il-rapporto-cnappc-fotografa-il-gender-gap-e-offre-strumenti-operativi/",
   "headcount_source_type": "official_report",
   "register_url": "https://albounico.awn.it/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Inarcassa (caisse de prévoyance des architectes et ingénieurs libéraux)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.inarcassa.it/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "~100 provincial orders federated by the CNAPPC; the Albo Unico Nazionale aggregates all iscritti and offers a search by name (403 to robots, but public in a browser). 154,117 = CNAPPC report 2025 (70,473 women / 83,644 men); awn.it says “oltre 155mila”; ACE 2024: 152,000. No bulk export.",
   "population_m": 58.9,
   "uia_section": "Consiglio Nazionale degli Architetti, Pianificatori, Paesaggisti e Conservatori (CNAPPC)",
   "ace_headcount_2024": 152000,
   "country": "Italy"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "XK",
   "country_fr": "Kosovo",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Ministria e Mjedisit, Planifikimit Hapësinor dhe Infrastrukturës — regjistri i arkitektëve (entry on the register; professional licence to come with the Oda)",
   "acronym": "MMPHI",
   "body_type": "state_register",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 1133,
   "headcount_year": 2023,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://mmphi.rks-gov.net/MMPHIFolder/OtherDocuments/REGJISTRI%20I%20ARKITEKT%C3%8BVE%20N%C3%8B%20FUSH%C3%8BN%20E%20ND%C3%8BRTIMIT.pdf",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "https://mmphi.rks-gov.net/LicensingProgram/LicensingProgram?type=1069",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": "https://mmphi.rks-gov.net/MMPHIFolder/OtherDocuments/REGJISTRI%20I%20ARKITEKT%C3%8BVE%20N%C3%8B%20FUSH%C3%8BN%20E%20ND%C3%8BRTIMIT.pdf",
   "open_data_format": "PDF",
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Asociacioni i Arkitektëve të Kosovës (AAK, section UIA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.uia-architectes.org/en/about/members-section/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "A",
   "notes": "Law 08/L-012 creates chambers (Oda e Arkitektëve), currently being set up — in the meantime licences and the register sit with the ministry (UA 06-08/2023). The register = a complete nominal PDF (38 pp., created 19 September 2023): 1,116 entries counted (1,109 unique e-mails) — counted from the structure, not certified. Traps: the acronym AAK also refers to a political party; check whether the chamber has become operational since; the currency of the PDF is unknown beyond 2023. CORRECTION 5 August 2026 (direct count of the PDF): 1,133 persons (1,135 lines, 2 registrants printed twice; references A/0001-A/1135 continuous); the final Shënim states that entry on the register does NOT confer the Licence Profesionale (the Oda is not yet constituted) and the document contains NO A/B category — the earlier 1,116 “A and B licence holders” cannot be verified from this source.",
   "population_m": 1.66,
   "uia_section": "Architects' Association of Kosovo (AAK)",
   "country": "Kosovo"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "LV",
   "country_fr": "Lettonie",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Certification by the centre of the Latvijas Arhitektu savienība; state register of būvspeciālisti in the BIS (Būvniecības valsts kontroles birojs)",
   "acronym": "LAS/BIS",
   "body_type": "state_register",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": 754,
   "headcount_year": 2026,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://data.gov.lv/dati/lv/dataset/bis_tbsinntysqd_qjz6vpe_tw",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "https://bis.gov.lv/bisp/lv/specialist_certificates",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": "https://data.gov.lv/dati/lv/dataset/bis_tbsinntysqd_qjz6vpe_tw",
   "open_data_format": "CSV",
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Latvijas Arhitektu savienība (association + centre de certification)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.latvijasarhitekti.lv/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "A",
   "notes": "A practice certificate is compulsory for independent practice (MK 169 of 20.03.2018); certification delegated to the LAS, public state register in the BIS. BEST CASE IN EUROPE: CC0 open data, daily CSV (33,182 rows across all specialities) — count of 5 August 2026: 1,970 “Arhitekta prakse” rows, of which 758 are active certificates = 754 individuals. ACE 2024: 800 — consistent. What is reserved is independent practice, not the title.",
   "population_m": 1.87,
   "ace_headcount_2024": 800,
   "country": "Latvia"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "LI",
   "country_fr": "Liechtenstein",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Amt für Volkswirtschaft — practice authorisation (Bauwesen-Berufe-Gesetz), state professional register",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "state_register",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "LIA — Liechtensteinische Ingenieur- und Architektenvereinigung",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.lia.li/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "A micro-state with no chamber: a state licence (Berufsbewilligung) entered on the professional register — the official llv.li page returned 403 to the crawler, and no public consultation could be verified; no headcount could be found. The LIA (~175 members, engineers AND architects taken together) is not a registration body. Absent from the list of UIA sections.",
   "population_m": 0.04,
   "country": "Liechtenstein"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "LT",
   "country_fr": "Lituanie",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Lietuvos architektų rūmai (Lithuanian Chamber of Architects)",
   "acronym": "LAR",
   "body_type": "chamber",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": 1392,
   "headcount_year": 2026,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://www.architekturumai.lt/wp-content/uploads/2026-06-25-LAR-sarasas-Nr.-247.pdf",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "https://www.architekturumai.lt/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": "https://www.architekturumai.lt/wp-content/uploads/2026-06-25-LAR-sarasas-Nr.-247.pdf",
   "open_data_format": "PDF",
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Lietuvos architektų sąjunga (union de création, distincte de la Chambre)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.architektusajunga.lt/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "A",
   "notes": "A chamber under public law (Act of 2006) for CERTIFIED architects — attestation and membership required for reserved acts (Architektūros įstatymas, 2017). Nominal list no. 247 of 25.06.2026 in PDF (272 pp., qualifications and sanctions): 1,392 attestations counted. No interactive search engine — a downloadable list only. ACE 2024: 1,300 — consistent. Absent from the UIA sections. Direct count of the sąrašas (272-page PDF) on 5 August 2026: the numbered Atestatas come to exactly 1,392; in all, 1,465 attestations for 1,463 individuals (including EU recognitions and rows with no type).",
   "population_m": 2.87,
   "ace_headcount_2024": 1300,
   "country": "Lithuania"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "LU",
   "country_fr": "Luxembourg",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Ordre des Architectes et des Ingénieurs-Conseils",
   "acronym": "OAI",
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 511,
   "headcount_year": 2026,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://www.oai.lu/",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "https://www.oai.lu/fr/9/topmenu/annuaire-membres/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "Law of 13 December 1989 (reformed in 2020): a multi-profession professional order. OAI site (consulted August 2026): 511 established architects, 202 consulting engineers, 34 interior architects, 154 town planners, 14 landscape architects. The ACE estimates 700 (including employed and cross-border architects who fall outside the directory of established practices).",
   "population_m": 0.67,
   "uia_section": "Ordre des Architectes et des Ingénieurs-Conseils (OAI)",
   "ace_headcount_2024": 700,
   "country": "Luxembourg"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "MK",
   "country_fr": "Macédoine du Nord",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Комора на овластени архитекти и овластени инженери (joint chamber for architects + engineers)",
   "acronym": "KOAI",
   "body_type": "chamber",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://komoraoai.mk/ovlastuvanja/chlenstvo-info.html",
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": "https://clen.komoraoai.mk/register",
   "register_searchable": false,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Асоцијација на архитектите на Македонија (AAM, section UIA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.uia-architectes.org/en/about/members-section/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Single chamber (Закон за градење, art. 39, founded December 2007): only овластен архитект/инженер may design/review/supervise; membership and entry on the register are compulsory once authorised (EUR 50/year, 5 years). ≈3,200 active authorisations for ≈7,000 members across ALL professions (membership page, undated) — architects not broken out, hence the headcount left empty. The online register requires a member login — no public consultation.",
   "population_m": 1.8,
   "uia_section": "Association of Architects of Macedonia (AAM)",
   "country": "North Macedonia"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "MT",
   "country_fr": "Malte",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Bord tal-Warrant tal-Periti (Periti Warranting Board)",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "board",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 1157,
   "headcount_year": 2025,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://peritiwarrant.gov.mt/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Periti-Register-2025.pdf",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "https://peritiwarrant.gov.mt/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": "https://peritiwarrant.gov.mt/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Periti-Register-2025.pdf",
   "open_data_format": "PDF",
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Kamra tal-Periti (chambre professionnelle, membre UIA et ACE)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://kamratalperiti.org/register-of-periti/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "A",
   "notes": "A unified “perit” profession (architect + civil engineer). Periti Act (Cap. 622, 2021): two lists — Perit Arkitett (1,157 names as at 31 December 2025, counted in the gazette) and Perit Inġinier Ċivili (1,122), with HEAVY overlap (they must not be added together). Nominal lists in the Gazette and as a downloadable PDF. The government site blocks certain user agents. Direct count from the gazette of 06.04.2026 (position as at 31 December 2025), carried out on 5 August 2026: 1,157 Arkitett warrants — the earlier figure of 1,122 corresponded exactly to the Inġinier Ċivili list in the same gazette. 934 periti hold both warrants; 1,345 distinct natural persons; 42 companies (P/44 printed twice). Time series: gazette no. 445 of 26.04.2022 (Kap. 390, the SINGLE list predating the split), counted on 5 August 2026 — 1,157 named warrants, 1,156 individuals as at 31 December 2021, plus 15 warrants carrying a number only; that is, 1,156 individuals (2021) → 1,345 (2025).",
   "population_m": 0.55,
   "uia_section": "Kamra Tal-Periti",
   "ace_headcount_2024": 1100,
   "country": "Malta"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "MD",
   "country_fr": "Moldavie",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Atestarea tehnico-profesională (Ministry of Infrastructure) — registers published by IP OATUCL",
   "acronym": "MIDR/OATUCL",
   "body_type": "state_register",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": false,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": 308,
   "headcount_year": 2026,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://oatucl.md/assets/pdfs/attestation/Proiectan%C8%9Bi_6a6c936f25579.pdf",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "https://oatucl.md/atestarea-tehnico-profesionala-a-specialistilor",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": "https://oatucl.md/assets/pdfs/attestation/Proiectan%C8%9Bi_6a6c936f25579.pdf",
   "open_data_format": "PDF",
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Uniunea Arhitecților din Republica Moldova (UARM)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.uarm.md/ro/",
     "effectif": 300
    }
   ],
   "grade": "A",
   "notes": "No professional order: State certification (HG 743/2024, E_permis register). The “Lista proiectanților atestați” (31 July 2026, verified) counts 906 proiectanți across all disciplines; 312 carry architecture domains (codes A.1-4/3a-d/34.2.x) — count carried out on the nominal PDF. The title is not protected; what is protected is the right to sign and to verify. A “Specialiști atestați” dataset is flagged on dataset.gov.md (id 19433), the portal being unreachable at the time of testing. Moldova is ABSENT from the list of UIA sections (verified) despite statements to the contrary; UARM ~300 members (secondary sources). Direct count of the Lista as at 31 July 2026, carried out on 5 August 2026: 308 certified in the “Arhitectură” domain (criterion: letters A.*, or domain 3 of HG 207/2022, or codes 34.2.* of HG 743/2024-499/2025) out of 906 designers across all disciplines; 329 if urban planning/spatial planning is included; nr. crt. continuous 1..906.",
   "population_m": 2.5,
   "country": "Moldova"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "MC",
   "country_fr": "Monaco",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Ordre des architectes de Monaco (Conseil de l'Ordre)",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": 19,
   "headcount_year": 2026,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://www.architectes-monaco.com/fr/presentation",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "https://journaldemonaco.gouv.mc/Journaux/2024/Journal-8713/TABLEAU-DU-CONSEIL-DE-L-ORDRE-DES-ARCHITECTES-Exercice-2023-2025",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": "https://journaldemonaco.gouv.mc/Journaux/2024/Journal-8713/TABLEAU-DU-CONSEIL-DE-L-ORDRE-DES-ARCHITECTES-Exercice-2023-2025",
   "open_data_format": "PDF",
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "A",
   "notes": "Ordonnance-loi No. 341 of 24.03.1942 + Ordonnance souveraine 3.269 of 12.05.2011. The complete nominal register is published in the Journal de Monaco (official gazette PDF); the Order's site announces 19 registered architectes libéraux (August 2026). Distinct categories (libéraux, agréés, honoraires); no UIA section. Time series: the Tableau de l'Ordre in JO No. 8713 (20.09.2024, 2023-2025 term) counts 23 architects by direct count (the JO labels them all as conseillers, the 4 of the bureau counted again) → 19 on the Order's site in 2026.",
   "population_m": 0.04,
   "country": "Monaco"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "ME",
   "country_fr": "Monténégro",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Komora arhitekata i planera Crne Gore",
   "acronym": "KAIPCG",
   "body_type": "chamber",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 711,
   "headcount_year": 2026,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://www.kaipcg.me/me/registar/registar-clanova-komore",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "https://www.kaipcg.me/me/registar/registar-clanova-komore",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": "https://www.kaipcg.me/me/registar/registar-clanova-komore",
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Inženjerska komora Crne Gore (IKCG, ingénieurs)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.ingkomora.me/",
     "effectif": null
    },
    {
     "nom": "Savez arhitekata Crne Gore (SACG, section UIA — site hors ligne)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.uia-architectes.org/en/about/members-section/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "A",
   "notes": "The 2017 reform and then a new law: the “licencirani arhitekta” must be entered on the chamber’s register (examination + 3 years’ experience). Complete public register on a single HTML page: 758 members as at 5 August 2026, of whom 708 “ARHITEKTA”, 18 landscape architects, 7 planners (direct count); no structured export. Traps: the IKCG survives for engineers; sacg.me dead (522); texts from before and after the reform are contradictory depending on the date. CORRECTION 5 August 2026 (direct count of the 738 published records): 711 architects — the 708 counted only the records reading “ARHITEKTA” in CAPITALS (3 in lower case were missed); + 18 landscape architects and 7 planners in annexes; the “758 members” counter is explained: 738 active + 20 members with suspended membership (a dedicated mirovanje register, zero overlap); the register of 82 foreign members is a filtered view of the main one (82/82 matched); the individual records do not carry a licence number (verified).",
   "population_m": 0.62,
   "uia_section": "Savez Arhitekata Crne Gore (SACG)",
   "country": "Montenegro"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "NO",
   "country_fr": "Norvège",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Norske arkitekters landsforbund",
   "acronym": "NAL",
   "body_type": "association",
   "compulsory_registration": false,
   "protected_title": false,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 4400,
   "headcount_year": 2024,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://snl.no/Norske_arkitekters_landsforbund",
   "headcount_source_type": "press",
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": false,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "“Arkitekt” is not protected (snl.no: “ingen beskyttet tittel”); only the academic degree is. MNAL = NAL membership. ~4,400 members (2024), of whom ~500 are students. PITFALL: the “sentral godkjenning” (DiBK) approves COMPANIES, not individuals. ACE 2024: 4,700. Other lists: Arkitektbedriftene (employers), AFAG (trade union).",
   "population_m": 5.5,
   "uia_section": "National Association of Norwegian Architects (NAL)",
   "ace_headcount_2024": 4700,
   "country": "Norway"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "NL",
   "country_fr": "Pays-Bas",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Bureau Architectenregister",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "state_register",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": 10731,
   "headcount_year": 2024,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://backend.architectenregister.nl/assets/pdf/architectenregister_jaarverslag_2024-11-mrt_def.pdf",
   "headcount_source_type": "official_report",
   "register_url": "https://www.architectenregister.nl/zoek-een-architect",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "BNA — Koninklijke Bond van Nederlandse Architectenbureaus (agences)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.bna.nl/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "Wet op de architectentitel: only the TITLE is protected (4 distinct titles), the act of building is unrestricted. End of 2024: 10,731 “architect” out of 13,977 registrants across all disciplines (interior 1,530, landscape 826, urban planning 890) — jaarverslag 2024 verified; ACE: 10,500. The Netherlands does NOT appear on the list of UIA member sections (verified August 2026).",
   "population_m": 18.0,
   "ace_headcount_2024": 10500,
   "country": "Netherlands"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "PL",
   "country_fr": "Pologne",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Izba Architektów Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej",
   "acronym": "IARP",
   "body_type": "chamber",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": false,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 14300,
   "headcount_year": 2025,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://archistaty.pl/liczebnosc-architektow",
   "headcount_source_type": "sector_study",
   "register_url": "https://extranet.iarp.pl/lista/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Stowarzyszenie Architektów Polskich (SARP) — association créative, section UIA",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.sarp.pl/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "IARP (registration chamber, compulsory in order to sign) ≠ SARP (voluntary association, UIA section). 14,300 active members in September 2025 (archistaty.pl, from IARP data; +58% since 2010). The generic title “architekt” is not protected; what is protected are the autonomous technical functions. Searchable public list, with no total and no export. ACE 2024: 13,700 — concurs.",
   "population_m": 38.0,
   "uia_section": "Stowarzyszenie Architektów Polskich (SARP)",
   "ace_headcount_2024": 13700,
   "country": "Poland"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "PT",
   "country_fr": "Portugal",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Ordem dos Arquitectos",
   "acronym": "OA",
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 28000,
   "headcount_year": 2024,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://www.dnoticias.pt/2024/10/9/422739-ordem-dos-arquitectos-pondera-medidas-mais-duras-face-a-baixos-salarios-e-alta-emigracao/",
   "headcount_source_type": "press",
   "register_url": "https://portal.ordemdosarquitectos.org/directory/members",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "OA-SRS — diretório da encomenda (section Sud)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://encomenda.oasrs.org/directorio",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "28,000 registrants, of whom ~22,000 are active (OA statement, press October 2024, ~800 new entrants a year); ACE 2024: 21,400 ≈ the active ones. Public diretório: search by name, number, regional section, municipality and status. No bulk export.",
   "population_m": 10.4,
   "uia_section": "Ordem dos Arquitectos (OA)",
   "ace_headcount_2024": 21400,
   "country": "Portugal"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "RO",
   "country_fr": "Roumanie",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Ordinul Arhitecților din România",
   "acronym": "OAR",
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 6200,
   "headcount_year": 2024,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://ace-cae.eu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/2024-ACE-Sector-Study-EN-04042025.pdf",
   "headcount_source_type": "sector_study",
   "register_url": "https://www.oar-bucuresti.ro/tabloul/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": "https://legislatie.just.ro/Public/DetaliiDocument/283258",
   "open_data_format": "PDF",
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "OAR București — Tabloul teritorial consultable en ligne",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.oar-bucuresti.ro/tabloul/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "Act 184/2001: title and signature right reserved, Tabloul Național al Arhitecților (TNA) managed by the OAR; ~2,700 members at its founding (2001), current total not published in open access — oar.archi blocks robots (403). The COMPLETE TNA is published every year in the Monitorul Oficial (2024 edition: M.Of. 485 bis of 27.05.2024) → potential grade A; legislatie.just.ro also filters robots. The OAR (UIA section) ≠ UAR (the legacy association). ACE 2024: 6,200. HARVEST 5 August 2026: the BUCHAREST branch extracted in full from its site (updated 25 June 2026) — 4,752 registrants, of whom 4,495 arhitecți (3,022 with signature right, 718 stagiari, trainees), 240 conductori (conductor arhitect, a distinct Romanian qualification grade with no English equivalent), 17 arhitecți de interior; the Ș/Ț pages were missed by the crawl at first and then recovered (+122). Nr. TNA observed up to 13,784 = ceiling of historical national registrations. The national register remains geo-blocked. Headcount taken from the ACE 2024 sector study, the body itself publishing none.",
   "population_m": 19.0,
   "uia_section": "Ordinul Arhitecților din România (OAR)",
   "ace_headcount_2024": 6200,
   "country": "Romania"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "GB",
   "country_fr": "Royaume-Uni",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Architects Registration Board",
   "acronym": "ARB",
   "body_type": "board",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 38981,
   "headcount_year": 2024,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://specificationonline.co.uk/articles/2025-07-11/architects-registration-board/arb-publishes-2024-annual-report-and-financial-statements",
   "headcount_source_type": "press",
   "register_url": "https://architects-register.org.uk/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "RIBA — Royal Institute of British Architects",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.architecture.com/",
     "effectif": 57000
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "Architects Act 1997: only the TITLE is protected, the function itself is unrestricted. 38,981 registrants at the end of 2024 (ARB 2024 annual report as cited in the press; the ARB “2024 Year in Review” gives 41,886 at the end of 2023) — the fall is due to ~2,468 struck off for non-payment in 2024. The UIA section is the RIBA (57,000 members worldwide), not the ARB. The register is searchable but there is no bulk export.",
   "population_m": 69.1,
   "uia_section": "Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA)",
   "ace_headcount_2024": 42300,
   "country": "United Kingdom"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "RU",
   "country_fr": "Russie",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Союз архитекторов России (voluntary union — no compulsory professional order)",
   "acronym": "САР",
   "body_type": "association",
   "compulsory_registration": false,
   "protected_title": false,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 11180,
   "headcount_year": 2026,
   "headcount_source_url": "http://reestr-uar.ru/",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "http://reestr-uar.ru/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "НОПРИЗ — Национальный реестр специалистов (projeteurs responsables, ingénieurs inclus)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://nrs.nopriz.ru/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "No compulsory professional order and no protected title: individual licensing disappeared in 2007. Actual access to the profession runs through the company SROs and the Национальный реестр специалистов (НОПРИЗ) for design project leads — portal verified, no headcount displayed, and it includes engineers. The САР (voluntary union, UIA section — still listed) publishes a public database: “Общее количество членов союза: 11 180” (2026 counter).",
   "population_m": 144.0,
   "uia_section": "Union of Architects of Russia",
   "country": "Russia"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "SM",
   "country_fr": "Saint-Marin",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Ordine degli Ingegneri e degli Architetti della Repubblica di San Marino",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "order",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": 45,
   "headcount_year": 2026,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://www.archingsm.org/albo",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "https://www.archingsm.org/albo",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "A joint order of engineers + architects (Decreto 63/1995). The albo is public online and can be filtered: 90 iscritti, of whom 45 are “Architetto” (count of August 2026). A special albo for non-residents. Not in the UIA and out of ACE scope.",
   "population_m": 0.03,
   "country": "San Marino"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "RS",
   "country_fr": "Serbie",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Inženjerska komora Srbije (national register of licence holders, on behalf of the MGSI ministry)",
   "acronym": "IKS",
   "body_type": "chamber",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 3300,
   "headcount_year": 2024,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://ace-cae.eu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/2024-ACE-Sector-Study-EN-04042025.pdf",
   "headcount_source_type": "sector_study",
   "register_url": "https://ingkomora.org.rs/registar/pretraga-registara",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Udruženje arhitekata Srbije (UAS)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.u-a-s.rs/",
     "effectif": null
    },
    {
     "nom": "Društvo arhitekata Beograda (DAB)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://dab.rs/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "Since 2019 licences (licencirani arhitekta) have come under the MGSI; the IKS maintains the Registar under an agreement of 28 February 2020. The register holds 30,028 registrants across ALL professions (2021, press), of whom 14,892 active — architects are not broken out publicly, hence the headcount left empty (the ACE’s 2024 estimate is 3,300 architects). Public search by name, no bulk list; nothing on data.gov.rs (API: 0 results). Two domains coexist (ingkomora.rs / ingkomora.org.rs). UIA section via the UAS. Headcount taken from the ACE 2024 sector study, the body itself publishing none.",
   "population_m": 6.6,
   "ace_headcount_2024": 3300,
   "country": "Serbia"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "SK",
   "country_fr": "Slovaquie",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Slovenská komora architektov",
   "acronym": "SKA",
   "body_type": "chamber",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 1900,
   "headcount_year": 2024,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://ace-cae.eu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/2024-ACE-Sector-Study-EN-04042025.pdf",
   "headcount_source_type": "sector_study",
   "register_url": "https://komarch.sk/zoznamy-architektov",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Archinfo.sk — portail et annuaire des architectes slovaques",
     "type": "commercial",
     "url": "https://www.archinfo.sk",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "Chamber created by Act 138/1992 (architects + landscape architects); authorisation compulsory, protected title. No aggregate count found (the zoznamy are JS-driven, with no total) — ACE 2024 estimates 1,900. The UIA section is Spolok architektov Slovenska (SAS, an association); sasarch.sk unreachable (TLS) when tested. Headcount taken from the ACE 2024 sector study, the body itself publishing none.",
   "population_m": 5.4,
   "uia_section": "Spolok architektov Slovenska (SAS)",
   "ace_headcount_2024": 1900,
   "country": "Slovakia"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "SI",
   "country_fr": "Slovénie",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Zbornica za arhitekturo in prostor Slovenije",
   "acronym": "ZAPS",
   "body_type": "chamber",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 1111,
   "headcount_year": 2025,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://zaps.si/poslanstvo-in-statistika/",
   "headcount_source_type": "official_report",
   "register_url": "https://zaps.si/clanstvo/clani-v-zaps/imenik/",
   "register_searchable": false,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "C",
   "notes": "1,111 members of the architects' section (the title “pooblaščeni arhitekt” is protected, ZAID Act) out of 1,806 ZAPS registrants (1,335 active, 471 inactive — official statistics page, undated). Pitfall: the imenik requires a login (verified) — no public search; the chamber also covers landscape architects and spatial planners: do not take the ZAPS total for the number of architects. ACE 2024: 1,600.",
   "population_m": 2.12,
   "uia_section": "Chamber of Architecture and Spatial Planning of Slovenia (ZAPS)",
   "ace_headcount_2024": 1600,
   "country": "Slovenia"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "CH",
   "country_fr": "Suisse",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "No national professional order — REG (voluntary A/B/C registers, Fondation des Registres suisses) + cantonal regimes in GE/TI/VD",
   "acronym": "REG",
   "body_type": "none",
   "compulsory_registration": false,
   "protected_title": false,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 26700,
   "headcount_year": 2024,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://ace-cae.eu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/2024-ACE-Sector-Study-EN-04042025.pdf",
   "headcount_source_type": "sector_study",
   "register_url": "https://www.reg.ch/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "SIA — Société suisse des ingénieurs et des architectes",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.sia.ch/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "Title not protected at federal level, no national obligation. REG = voluntary registers recognised by the Confederation. Cantonal exceptions: GE (LPAI, compulsory register of appointed professionals), TI (LEPIA, OTIA registration — public list at otia.swiss), VD (LPrA 1966, REG A/B required to sign plans). Headcount = ACE 2024, revised from 9,200 to 26,700 with the Conférence Suisse des Architectes (CSA), which is the UIA section.",
   "population_m": 8.9,
   "uia_section": "Conférence Suisse des Architectes (CSA)",
   "ace_headcount_2024": 26700,
   "country": "Switzerland"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "SE",
   "country_fr": "Suède",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Sveriges Arkitekter (Architects Sweden)",
   "acronym": null,
   "body_type": "association",
   "compulsory_registration": false,
   "protected_title": false,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 14022,
   "headcount_year": 2025,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://arkitekten.se/nyheter/lagsta-antalet-medlemmar-i-sveriges-arkitekter-sedan-2021/",
   "headcount_source_type": "press",
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": false,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "No professional order and no state register: “arkitekt” is NOT a protected title. Only the membership titles “Arkitekt SAR/MSA” (SIR, LAR, FPR) are protected, through the association. 14,022 members in September 2025 = architecture + interior + landscape + urban design, students included; 10,028 full members; ~90% of the profession. ACE 2024: 7,600 building architects. No public directory of individuals.",
   "population_m": 10.6,
   "uia_section": "Architects Sweden (Sveriges Arkitekter)",
   "ace_headcount_2024": 7600,
   "country": "Sweden"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "CZ",
   "country_fr": "Tchéquie",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "Česká komora architektů",
   "acronym": "ČKA",
   "body_type": "chamber",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 4288,
   "headcount_year": 2026,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://www.cka.cz/komora/o-komore/zakladni-informace",
   "headcount_source_type": "official_report",
   "register_url": "https://www.cka.cz/komora/autorizovani-architekti/seznam-autorizovanych-architektu",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Obec architektů (section UIA, site redirigé vers Grand Prix Architektů)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "http://www.grandprixarchitektu.cz/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "4,288 authorised architects as at 1 January 2026 (3,071 men / 1,217 women) + 207 emeritus members; the title “autorizovaný architekt” is protected (Act 360/1992). Pitfalls: the UIA section is Obec architektů, not the ČKA; buildings are also signed by ČKAIT authorised engineers. Public database (~290 pages) with no export.",
   "population_m": 10.9,
   "uia_section": "Society of Czech Architects",
   "ace_headcount_2024": 4500,
   "country": "Czechia"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "TR",
   "country_fr": "Turquie",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "TMMOB Mimarlar Odası (Chamber of Architects, within the Union of Chambers of Turkish Engineers and Architects)",
   "acronym": "TMMOB",
   "body_type": "chamber",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 98872,
   "headcount_year": 2025,
   "headcount_source_url": "http://www.tmmob.org.tr/icerik/tmmobye-bagli-odalarin-uye-sayisi-729-bin-oldu",
   "headcount_source_type": "official_report",
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": false,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "TMMOB — statistiques annuelles des 24 chambres",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.tmmob.org.tr",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "C",
   "notes": "98,872 members as at 31 December 2025 (46,443 women / 52,429 men) — official TMMOB table verified; 80,789 at the end of 2023. Membership compulsory for private practice and for signing (Acts 6235 and 3458), but public-sector employees are exempt. No public nominal register: verification through the şubes (branches). Pitfall: interior architects have their own chamber — do not add them together.",
   "population_m": 85.5,
   "uia_section": "Chamber of Architects of Turkey",
   "country": "Türkiye"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "UA",
   "country_fr": "Ukraine",
   "continent": "Europe",
   "body": "State professional certification (Атестаційна архітектурно-будівельна комісія) — ЄДЕССБ register",
   "acronym": "ААБК",
   "body_type": "state_register",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": false,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 3700,
   "headcount_year": 2024,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://ace-cae.eu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/2024-ACE-Sector-Study-EN-04042025.pdf",
   "headcount_source_type": "sector_study",
   "register_url": "https://e-construction.gov.ua/certified_persons/obj_type=2",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Національна спілка архітекторів України (НСАУ) — union créative, section UIA",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "http://nsau.org/",
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "Qualification certificate compulsory in order to practise independently (official Дія guide verified); the title in itself is not protected. Public search of certified persons on e-construction.gov.ua (verified), no total displayed — headcount null (ACE 2024 estimates 3,700). Pitfalls: the old НСАУ “реєстр” page is dead; data.gov.ua datasets are likely but unverified; updates disrupted by the war. Headcount taken from the ACE 2024 sector study, the body itself publishing none.",
   "population_m": 37.9,
   "uia_section": "National Union of Architects of Ukraine",
   "ace_headcount_2024": 3700,
   "country": "Ukraine"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "AU",
   "country_fr": "Australie",
   "continent": "Oceania",
   "body": "Registration by state/territory: 8 boards (NSW ARB, ARBV…); standards and aggregation by the Architects Accreditation Council of Australia",
   "acronym": "AACA",
   "body_type": "board",
   "compulsory_registration": true,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 13567,
   "headcount_year": 2017,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://aaca.org.au/wp-content/uploads/Industry-Profile.pdf",
   "headcount_source_type": "official_report",
   "register_url": "https://www.architects.nsw.gov.au/architects-register/architects",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Australian Institute of Architects (AIA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": "https://www.architecture.com.au",
     "effectif": 11000
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "NO consolidated national register: the AACA “Industry Profile” (February 2018, verified) = 13,567 cumulative registrations at the end of 2017, i.e. ~11,800 UNIQUE architects (cross-state double registrations ~13%) — “~14,000” circulates for recent years with no up-to-date official source (the AACA 2024-25 annual report does not publish one). State registers are searchable (NSW verified). UIA: AIA.",
   "population_m": 26.6,
   "uia_section": "Australian Institute of Architects (AIA)",
   "country": "Australia"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "FJ",
   "country_fr": "Fidji",
   "continent": "Oceania",
   "body": "Fiji Association of Architects (regime reported under the Architects Act, Cap. 268)",
   "acronym": "FAA",
   "body_type": "association",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "The Architects Act (Cap. 268) is reported but has not been verified in a primary source; no active site and no public register. Headcount unknown — a few dozen.",
   "population_m": 0.93,
   "country": "Fiji"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "NZ",
   "country_fr": "Nouvelle-Zélande",
   "continent": "Oceania",
   "body": "New Zealand Registered Architects Board (Registered Architects Act 2005)",
   "acronym": "NZRAB",
   "body_type": "board",
   "compulsory_registration": false,
   "protected_title": true,
   "uia_member": true,
   "headcount": 2436,
   "headcount_year": 2026,
   "headcount_source_url": "https://www.nzrab.nz/",
   "headcount_source_type": "register",
   "register_url": "https://www.nzrab.nz/Search/",
   "register_searchable": true,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [
    {
     "nom": "Te Kāhui Whaihanga New Zealand Institute of Architects (NZIA)",
     "type": "association",
     "url": null,
     "effectif": null
    }
   ],
   "grade": "B",
   "notes": "The NZRAB site displays “Registered (2436)” live, plus 238 in voluntary suspension (5 August 2026) — the register is searchable and broken down by region. Only the TITLE is protected: design work is not reserved (hence registration is not compulsory). UIA: NZIA.",
   "population_m": 5.2,
   "uia_section": "Te Kāhui Whaihanga New Zealand Institute of Architects",
   "country": "New Zealand"
  },
  {
   "iso2": "PG",
   "country_fr": "Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée",
   "continent": "Oceania",
   "body": "Papua New Guinea Institute of Architects (statutory registration regime reported)",
   "acronym": "PNGIA",
   "body_type": "association",
   "compulsory_registration": null,
   "protected_title": null,
   "uia_member": false,
   "headcount": null,
   "headcount_year": null,
   "headcount_source_url": null,
   "headcount_source_type": null,
   "register_url": null,
   "register_searchable": null,
   "open_data_url": null,
   "open_data_format": null,
   "alternative_lists": [],
   "grade": "D",
   "notes": "A registration regime (late 1980s) is reported but has not been verified online; no active official site and no public register. Headcount unknown — probably a few dozen.",
   "population_m": 10.5,
   "country": "Papua New Guinea"
  }
 ],
 "umbrella_bodies": {
  "uia": {
   "sections_revendiquees": 117,
   "architectes_revendiques": 745665,
   "pays_revendiques": 125,
   "source_url": "https://www.uia-architectes.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/2-2025-UIA-presentation.pdf",
   "membres_url": "https://www.uia-architectes.org/en/about/members-section/",
   "source_citation": "The UIA has 117 Member Sections and represents approximately 745,665 architects in 125 countries (official UIA presentation, February 2025, p.9); the members page says « unites 124 countries and territories »",
   "regions": [
    {
     "numero": "I",
     "perimetre": "Western Europe (including the Nordic countries)",
     "sections": 14,
     "architectes": 253574
    },
    {
     "numero": "II",
     "perimetre": "Central and Eastern Europe and the Middle East",
     "sections": 24,
     "architectes": 112905
    },
    {
     "numero": "III",
     "perimetre": "The Americas",
     "sections": 20,
     "architectes": 164783
    },
    {
     "numero": "IV",
     "perimetre": "Asia and Oceania (including Saudi Arabia and the UAE)",
     "sections": 24,
     "architectes": 130708
    },
    {
     "numero": "V",
     "perimetre": "Africa",
     "sections": 35,
     "architectes": 83695
    }
   ],
   "sections": [
    {
     "pays": "Andorra",
     "iso2": "AD",
     "organisme": "Col·legi Oficial d'Arquitectes d'Andorra"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Austria",
     "iso2": "AT",
     "organisme": "Austrian Federal Chamber of Architects and Chartered Engineering Consultants (BKZT)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Belgium",
     "iso2": "BE",
     "organisme": "Royal Federation of Architects of Belgium (FAB)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "France",
     "iso2": "FR",
     "organisme": "Conseil National de l'Ordre des Architectes (CNOA)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Germany",
     "iso2": "DE",
     "organisme": "Bundesarchitektenkammer (BAK)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Ireland",
     "iso2": "IE",
     "organisme": "Royal Institute of the Architects of Ireland (RIAI)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Italy",
     "iso2": "IT",
     "organisme": "Consiglio Nazionale degli Architetti, Pianificatori, Paesaggisti e Conservatori (CNAPPC)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Luxembourg",
     "iso2": "LU",
     "organisme": "Ordre des Architectes et des Ingénieurs-Conseils (OAI)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Malta",
     "iso2": "MT",
     "organisme": "Kamra Tal-Periti"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Denmark",
     "iso2": "DK",
     "organisme": "Danish Association of Architects (Arkitektforeningen)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Finland",
     "iso2": "FI",
     "organisme": "Finnish Association of Architects (SAFA)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Iceland",
     "iso2": "IS",
     "organisme": "Architects Association of Iceland"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Norway",
     "iso2": "NO",
     "organisme": "National Association of Norwegian Architects (NAL)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Sweden",
     "iso2": "SE",
     "organisme": "Architects Sweden (Sveriges Arkitekter)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Portugal",
     "iso2": "PT",
     "organisme": "Ordem dos Arquitectos (OA)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Spain",
     "iso2": "ES",
     "organisme": "Consejo Superior de los Colegios de Arquitectos de España (CSCAE)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Switzerland",
     "iso2": "CH",
     "organisme": "Conférence Suisse des Architectes (CSA)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "United Kingdom",
     "iso2": "GB",
     "organisme": "Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Armenia",
     "iso2": "AM",
     "organisme": "Union of Architects of Armenia"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Azerbaijan",
     "iso2": "AZ",
     "organisme": "Union of Architects of Azerbaijan"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Belarus",
     "iso2": "BY",
     "organisme": "Belarusian Union of Architects"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Bulgaria",
     "iso2": "BG",
     "organisme": "Union of Architects of Bulgaria (UAB)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Cyprus",
     "iso2": "CY",
     "organisme": "Cyprus Civil Engineers & Architects Association (CCEAA)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Czech Republic",
     "iso2": "CZ",
     "organisme": "Society of Czech Architects"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Georgia",
     "iso2": "GE",
     "organisme": "Union of Architects of Georgia"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Greece",
     "iso2": "GR",
     "organisme": "Technical Chamber of Greece (TEE-TCG)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Hungary",
     "iso2": "HU",
     "organisme": "Association of Hungarian Architects (MÉSZ)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Israel",
     "iso2": "IL",
     "organisme": "Israel Association of United Architects"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Kazakhstan",
     "iso2": "KZ",
     "organisme": "Union of Architects of Kazakhstan"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Kosovo",
     "iso2": "XK",
     "organisme": "Architects' Association of Kosovo (AAK)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Lebanon",
     "iso2": "LB",
     "organisme": "Lebanese Order of Engineers and Architects (OEA)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Palestine",
     "iso2": "PS",
     "organisme": "Association of Architects of Palestine (AAP)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Poland",
     "iso2": "PL",
     "organisme": "Stowarzyszenie Architektów Polskich (SARP)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Romania",
     "iso2": "RO",
     "organisme": "Ordinul Arhitecților din România (OAR)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Russia",
     "iso2": "RU",
     "organisme": "Union of Architects of Russia"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Slovakia",
     "iso2": "SK",
     "organisme": "Spolok architektov Slovenska (SAS)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Slovenia",
     "iso2": "SI",
     "organisme": "Chamber of Architecture and Spatial Planning of Slovenia (ZAPS)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Syria",
     "iso2": "SY",
     "organisme": "Order of Syrian Engineers and Architects"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Türkiye",
     "iso2": "TR",
     "organisme": "Chamber of Architects of Turkey"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Ukraine",
     "iso2": "UA",
     "organisme": "National Union of Architects of Ukraine"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Uzbekistan",
     "iso2": "UZ",
     "organisme": "Union of Architects of Uzbekistan"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Albania",
     "iso2": "AL",
     "organisme": "Shoqata e Arkitekteve te Shqiperise (SHASH)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Montenegro",
     "iso2": "ME",
     "organisme": "Savez Arhitekata Crne Gore (SACG)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "North Macedonia",
     "iso2": "MK",
     "organisme": "Association of Architects of Macedonia (AAM)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Argentina",
     "iso2": "AR",
     "organisme": "Federación Argentina de Entidades de Arquitectos (FADEA)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Bolivia",
     "iso2": "BO",
     "organisme": "Colegio de Arquitectos de Bolivia"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Brazil",
     "iso2": "BR",
     "organisme": "Instituto de Arquitetos do Brasil (IAB)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Canada",
     "iso2": "CA",
     "organisme": "Royal Architectural Institute of Canada (RAIC/IRAC)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Chile",
     "iso2": "CL",
     "organisme": "Colegio de Arquitectos de Chile"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Colombia",
     "iso2": "CO",
     "organisme": "Sociedad Colombiana de Arquitectos (SCA)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Costa Rica",
     "iso2": "CR",
     "organisme": "Colegio de Arquitectos de Costa Rica"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Cuba",
     "iso2": "CU",
     "organisme": "Unión Nacional de Arquitectos e Ingenieros de la Construcción de Cuba (UNAICC)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Dominican Republic",
     "iso2": "DO",
     "organisme": "Sociedad de Arquitectos de la República Dominicana (SARD)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Ecuador",
     "iso2": "EC",
     "organisme": "Colegio de Arquitectos del Ecuador"
    },
    {
     "pays": "El Salvador",
     "iso2": "SV",
     "organisme": "Colegio de Arquitectos de El Salvador"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Guatemala",
     "iso2": "GT",
     "organisme": "Colegio de Arquitectos de Guatemala"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Honduras",
     "iso2": "HN",
     "organisme": "Colegio de Arquitectos de Honduras"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Jamaica",
     "iso2": "JM",
     "organisme": "Jamaican Institute of Architects"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Mexico",
     "iso2": "MX",
     "organisme": "Federación de Colegios de Arquitectos de la República Mexicana (FCARM)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Paraguay",
     "iso2": "PY",
     "organisme": "Asociación Paraguaya de Arquitectos (APAR)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Peru",
     "iso2": "PE",
     "organisme": "Colegio de Arquitectos del Perú (CAP)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Trinidad and Tobago",
     "iso2": "TT",
     "organisme": "Trinidad & Tobago Institute of Architects (TTIA)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "United States of America",
     "iso2": "US",
     "organisme": "American Institute of Architects (AIA)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Uruguay",
     "iso2": "UY",
     "organisme": "Sociedad de Arquitectos del Uruguay (SAU)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Australia",
     "iso2": "AU",
     "organisme": "Australian Institute of Architects (AIA)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Bangladesh",
     "iso2": "BD",
     "organisme": "Institute of Architects Bangladesh (IAB)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "China",
     "iso2": "CN",
     "organisme": "Architectural Society of China (ASC)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Taiwan",
     "iso2": "TW",
     "organisme": "Chinese Taipei Association of Architects"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Hong Kong",
     "iso2": "HK",
     "organisme": "Hong Kong Institute of Architects (HKIA)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "India",
     "iso2": "IN",
     "organisme": "Indian Institute of Architects (IIA)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Indonesia",
     "iso2": "ID",
     "organisme": "Ikatan Arsitek Indonesia (IAI)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Japan",
     "iso2": "JP",
     "organisme": "Japan Institute of Architects (JIA)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Macao",
     "iso2": "MO",
     "organisme": "Architects Association of Macau (AAM)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Malaysia",
     "iso2": "MY",
     "organisme": "Pertubuhan Akitek Malaysia (PAM)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Mongolia",
     "iso2": "MN",
     "organisme": "Union of Mongolian Architects (UMA)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Nepal",
     "iso2": "NP",
     "organisme": "Society of Nepalese Architects (SONA)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "New Zealand",
     "iso2": "NZ",
     "organisme": "Te Kāhui Whaihanga New Zealand Institute of Architects"
    },
    {
     "pays": "North Korea",
     "iso2": "KP",
     "organisme": "Korean Architects Union (KAU)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Pakistan",
     "iso2": "PK",
     "organisme": "Institute of Architects Pakistan (IAP)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Philippines",
     "iso2": "PH",
     "organisme": "United Architects of the Philippines (UAP)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Saudi Arabia",
     "iso2": "SA",
     "organisme": "Saudi Umran Society (SUS)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "South Korea",
     "iso2": "KR",
     "organisme": "Federation of Institutes of Korean Architects (FIKA)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Sri Lanka",
     "iso2": "LK",
     "organisme": "Sri Lanka Institute of Architects (SLIA)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Thailand",
     "iso2": "TH",
     "organisme": "Association of Siamese Architects (ASA)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "United Arab Emirates",
     "iso2": "AE",
     "organisme": "Architects of the Society of Engineers (UAE)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Vietnam",
     "iso2": "VN",
     "organisme": "Vietnam Association of Architects (KTSVN)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Algeria",
     "iso2": "DZ",
     "organisme": "Conseil national de l'Ordre des architectes"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Angola",
     "iso2": "AO",
     "organisme": "Ordem dos Arquitectos de Angola"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Benin",
     "iso2": "BJ",
     "organisme": "Ordre national des architectes et urbanistes du Bénin"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Botswana",
     "iso2": "BW",
     "organisme": "Architects Association of Botswana"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Burkina Faso",
     "iso2": "BF",
     "organisme": "Ordre des Architectes du Burkina Faso (OAB)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Cameroon",
     "iso2": "CM",
     "organisme": "Ordre national des architectes du Cameroun (ONAC)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Cape Verde",
     "iso2": "CV",
     "organisme": "Ordem dos Arquitectos Cabo-verdianos"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Chad",
     "iso2": "TD",
     "organisme": "Ordre national des architectes du Tchad"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Republic of the Congo",
     "iso2": "CG",
     "organisme": "Society of Architects of Congo (SAC)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Democratic Republic of the Congo",
     "iso2": "CD",
     "organisme": "Ordre des architectes du Congo"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Ivory Coast",
     "iso2": "CI",
     "organisme": "Conseil national de l'Ordre des architectes de Côte d'Ivoire (CNOA-CI)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Egypt",
     "iso2": "EG",
     "organisme": "Society of Egyptian Architects (SEA)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Ethiopia",
     "iso2": "ET",
     "organisme": "Association of Ethiopian Architects (AEA)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Gabon",
     "iso2": "GA",
     "organisme": "Conseil national de l'Ordre des architectes gabonais"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Ghana",
     "iso2": "GH",
     "organisme": "Ghana Institute of Architects (GIA)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Guinea",
     "iso2": "GN",
     "organisme": "Chambre nationale des architectes de Guinée"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Kenya",
     "iso2": "KE",
     "organisme": "Architectural Association of Kenya (AAK)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Libya",
     "iso2": "LY",
     "organisme": "Libyan Institute of Architects"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Madagascar",
     "iso2": "MG",
     "organisme": "Ordre des architectes de Madagascar"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Mauritius",
     "iso2": "MU",
     "organisme": "Mauritius Association of Architects (MAA)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Morocco",
     "iso2": "MA",
     "organisme": "Ordre des Architectes du Maroc (CNOA)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Nigeria",
     "iso2": "NG",
     "organisme": "Nigerian Institute of Architects (NIA)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Rwanda",
     "iso2": "RW",
     "organisme": "Rwanda Institute of Architects (RIA)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Senegal",
     "iso2": "SN",
     "organisme": "Ordre des architectes du Sénégal (ODAS)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Sierra Leone",
     "iso2": "SL",
     "organisme": "Sierra Leone Institute of Architects (SLIA)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "South Africa",
     "iso2": "ZA",
     "organisme": "South African Institute of Architects (SAIA)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Sudan",
     "iso2": "SD",
     "organisme": "Sudanese Institute of Architects"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Tanzania",
     "iso2": "TZ",
     "organisme": "Architects Association of Tanzania (AAT)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Togo",
     "iso2": "TG",
     "organisme": "Ordre national des architectes du Togo (ONAT)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Tunisia",
     "iso2": "TN",
     "organisme": "Ordre des Architectes de Tunisie (OAT)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Uganda",
     "iso2": "UG",
     "organisme": "Uganda Society of Architects (USA)"
    },
    {
     "pays": "Zambia",
     "iso2": "ZM",
     "organisme": "Zambia Institute of Architects (ZIA)"
    }
   ]
  },
  "ace": {
   "etude_annee": 2024,
   "etude_url": "https://ace-cae.eu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/2024-ACE-Sector-Study-EN-04042025.pdf",
   "etude_page": "https://ace-cae.eu/publication/ace-2024-sector-study/",
   "total_architectes_europe": 579600,
   "effectifs_par_pays": [
    {
     "pays": "Austria",
     "iso2": "AT",
     "effectif": 6000
    },
    {
     "pays": "Belgium",
     "iso2": "BE",
     "effectif": 15900
    },
    {
     "pays": "Bulgaria",
     "iso2": "BG",
     "effectif": 4000
    },
    {
     "pays": "Croatia",
     "iso2": "HR",
     "effectif": 2900
    },
    {
     "pays": "Cyprus",
     "iso2": "CY",
     "effectif": 3100
    },
    {
     "pays": "Czech Republic",
     "iso2": "CZ",
     "effectif": 4500
    },
    {
     "pays": "Denmark",
     "iso2": "DK",
     "effectif": 10300
    },
    {
     "pays": "Estonia",
     "iso2": "EE",
     "effectif": 1000
    },
    {
     "pays": "Finland",
     "iso2": "FI",
     "effectif": 3900
    },
    {
     "pays": "France",
     "iso2": "FR",
     "effectif": 30600
    },
    {
     "pays": "Germany",
     "iso2": "DE",
     "effectif": 120200
    },
    {
     "pays": "Greece",
     "iso2": "GR",
     "effectif": 17000
    },
    {
     "pays": "Hungary",
     "iso2": "HU",
     "effectif": 7000
    },
    {
     "pays": "Ireland",
     "iso2": "IE",
     "effectif": 3500
    },
    {
     "pays": "Italy",
     "iso2": "IT",
     "effectif": 152000
    },
    {
     "pays": "Latvia",
     "iso2": "LV",
     "effectif": 800
    },
    {
     "pays": "Lithuania",
     "iso2": "LT",
     "effectif": 1300
    },
    {
     "pays": "Luxembourg",
     "iso2": "LU",
     "effectif": 700
    },
    {
     "pays": "Malta",
     "iso2": "MT",
     "effectif": 1100
    },
    {
     "pays": "Netherlands",
     "iso2": "NL",
     "effectif": 10500
    },
    {
     "pays": "Norway",
     "iso2": "NO",
     "effectif": 4700
    },
    {
     "pays": "Poland",
     "iso2": "PL",
     "effectif": 13700
    },
    {
     "pays": "Portugal",
     "iso2": "PT",
     "effectif": 21400
    },
    {
     "pays": "Romania",
     "iso2": "RO",
     "effectif": 6200
    },
    {
     "pays": "Serbia",
     "iso2": "RS",
     "effectif": 3300
    },
    {
     "pays": "Slovakia",
     "iso2": "SK",
     "effectif": 1900
    },
    {
     "pays": "Slovenia",
     "iso2": "SI",
     "effectif": 1600
    },
    {
     "pays": "Spain",
     "iso2": "ES",
     "effectif": 50500
    },
    {
     "pays": "Sweden",
     "iso2": "SE",
     "effectif": 7600
    },
    {
     "pays": "Switzerland",
     "iso2": "CH",
     "effectif": 26700
    },
    {
     "pays": "Ukraine",
     "iso2": "UA",
     "effectif": 3700
    },
    {
     "pays": "United Kingdom",
     "iso2": "GB",
     "effectif": 42300
    }
   ],
   "notes": "Table 1-1 of the PDF (p.13), Europe-32 base, sources: member organisations + Mirza & Nacey estimates; Eurostat population 01/2024. Europe-32 total 2024 = 579,600 (~1.0 architect per 1,000 inhabitants). Series: 2022 = 556,450; 2020 = 562,770; 2018 = 561,400; 2016 = 550,800; 2014 = 537,800. Switzerland revised from 9,200 (2022) to 26,700 (2024) after an exchange with the CSA. 9th edition, biennial, ~28,000 respondents, 29 countries surveyed."
  },
  "caa": {
   "url": "https://commonwealtharchitects.org/our-members/",
   "nb_membres_listes": 29,
   "membres": [
    "Botswana",
    "Cameroon",
    "Ghana",
    "Kenya",
    "Nigeria",
    "Rwanda",
    "Sierra Leone",
    "South Africa",
    "Uganda",
    "Zambia",
    "Bangladesh",
    "Pakistan",
    "Sri Lanka",
    "Antigua and Barbuda",
    "The Bahamas",
    "Barbados",
    "Canada",
    "Guyana",
    "Jamaica",
    "Saint Kitts and Nevis",
    "Saint Lucia",
    "Trinidad and Tobago",
    "Cyprus",
    "Malta",
    "United Kingdom",
    "Australia",
    "Fiji",
    "New Zealand",
    "Papua New Guinea"
   ]
  },
  "aua": {
   "url": "https://www.aua.archi/",
   "revendication": "43 member sections across Africa, > 70,000 architects (the About page says 42 countries); no nominal list published online",
   "membres": []
  },
  "fpaa": {
   "url": "https://fpaa-arquitectos.org/en/congreso-panamericano-de-arquitectos/",
   "revendication": "586 associations from 32 countries, 5 regions (Norte, Centro, Caribe, Andina, Cono Sur), « casi 1 millón de arquitectos »; no nominal list published",
   "membres": []
  },
  "arcasia": {
   "url": "https://arcasia.org/country-zone/",
   "nb_membres_listes": 24,
   "membres": [
    "Maldives (AAM)",
    "Bhutan (BIA)",
    "Bangladesh (IAB)",
    "Pakistan (IAP)",
    "India (IIA)",
    "Sri Lanka (SLIA)",
    "Nepal (SONA)",
    "Cambodia (AAK)",
    "Laos (ALACE)",
    "Myanmar (AMA)",
    "Thailand (ASA)",
    "Indonesia (IAI)",
    "Malaysia (PAM)",
    "Brunei (PUJA-B)",
    "Singapore (SIA)",
    "Philippines (UAP)",
    "Vietnam (VAA)",
    "Macao (AAM)",
    "China (ASC)",
    "Hong Kong (HKIA)",
    "Japan (JIA)",
    "North Korea (KAU)",
    "South Korea (KIRA)",
    "Mongolia (UMA)"
   ]
  },
  "umar": {
   "url": "https://umar.org/member-sections/",
   "membres": [
    "Algeria",
    "Cyprus",
    "Egypt",
    "France",
    "Greece",
    "Italy",
    "Lebanon",
    "Malta",
    "Morocco",
    "Palestine",
    "Portugal",
    "Spain",
    "Tunisia",
    "Türkiye"
   ],
   "note": "founded by the Rabat Declaration of 15/07/1994"
  },
  "notes_verification": "All URLs fetched successfully on 5 August 2026. The claim of « ~3.2 M architects » sometimes attributed to the UIA was not found in any official UIA source — verified figure: ~745,665 (117 sections, 125 countries, February 2025; regional sums consistent, 14+24+20+24+35=117). The extracted UIA list covers 118 countries/territories; Singapore, Mali, Niger, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Jordan, Iraq, Iran and the Gulf (apart from SA/AE) do not appear on the UIA members page. ARCASIA: 24 institutes listed (home page: « 22 countries », Hong Kong and Macao not being countries). CAA: 29 institutes actually listed. AUA and FPAA publish no nominal list — claims recorded without invention."
 },
 "catalogue": [
  {
   "pays": "United States — Texas",
   "jeu": "Full roster of active architects (TBAE, live)",
   "format": "XLSX→CSV",
   "editeur": "Texas Board of Architectural Examiners",
   "url": "https://indreg.tbae.texas.gov/Reports/RegistrantRosters",
   "livre": "data/us-texas-tbae-architectes.csv (14,575 registrants)"
  },
  {
   "pays": "Singapore",
   "jeu": "Official register of architects (BOA) — state open data",
   "format": "CSV",
   "editeur": "Board of Architects via data.gov.sg",
   "url": "https://data.gov.sg/datasets/d_d77de0f78ca589a5c61da7a60fdee6ba/view",
   "livre": "data/sg-boa-registre-architectes.csv (1,999 registrants)"
  },
  {
   "pays": "Europe (32 countries)",
   "jeu": "ACE Sector Study 2024 — headcounts by country (table 1-1)",
   "format": "PDF",
   "editeur": "Architects' Council of Europe",
   "url": "https://ace-cae.eu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/2024-ACE-Sector-Study-EN-04042025.pdf",
   "etat": "extracted into the atlas"
  },
  {
   "pays": "World",
   "jeu": "UIA — official presentation: 117 sections, ~745,665 architects",
   "format": "PDF",
   "editeur": "International Union of Architects",
   "url": "https://www.uia-architectes.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/2-2025-UIA-presentation.pdf",
   "etat": "extracted into the atlas"
  },
  {
   "pays": "Andorra",
   "jeu": "Register / data of COAA",
   "format": "—",
   "editeur": "Col·legi Oficial d'Arquitectes d'Andorra",
   "url": "https://coaa.ad/llistat-darquitectes-en-exercici/",
   "etat": "online"
  },
  {
   "pays": "Angola",
   "jeu": "Register / data of OA",
   "format": "PDF",
   "editeur": "Ordem dos Arquitectos de Angola",
   "url": "https://oarquitectos.ao/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/LISTA-OFICIAL-DOS-ARQUITECTOS-INSCRITOS-9.pdf",
   "etat": "online"
  },
  {
   "pays": "Armenia",
   "jeu": "Register / data of Urban Development Committee (Քաղաքաշինության կոմիտե) — licences for organisations + certification of responsible specialists",
   "format": "XLSX",
   "editeur": "Urban Development Committee (Քաղաքաշինության կոմիտե) — licences for organisations + certification of responsible specialists",
   "url": "https://www.minurban.am/uploads/8828aefe021975bb15b4bfd5f1c8a882-shmz.xlsx",
   "etat": "online"
  },
  {
   "pays": "Benin",
   "jeu": "Register / data of ONAUB",
   "format": "PDF",
   "editeur": "Ordre National des Architectes et des Urbanistes du Bénin (formerly ONAB)",
   "url": "https://www.onaub.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/BIEN.pdf",
   "etat": "online"
  },
  {
   "pays": "Botswana",
   "jeu": "Register / data of ARC",
   "format": "—",
   "editeur": "Architects Registration Council",
   "url": "https://arc.org.bw/registered-architectural-professionals/",
   "etat": "online"
  },
  {
   "pays": "Brazil",
   "jeu": "Register / data of CAU/BR",
   "format": "—",
   "editeur": "Conselho de Arquitetura e Urbanismo do Brasil",
   "url": "https://transparencia.caubr.gov.br/dadosabertos/",
   "etat": "online"
  },
  {
   "pays": "Bulgaria",
   "jeu": "Register / data of KAB",
   "format": "HTML",
   "editeur": "Камара на архитектите в България",
   "url": "https://dv.parliament.bg/DVWeb/showMaterialDV.jsp?idMat=240697",
   "etat": "online"
  },
  {
   "pays": "Colombia",
   "jeu": "Register / data of CPNAA",
   "format": "CSV",
   "editeur": "Consejo Profesional Nacional de Arquitectura y sus Profesiones Auxiliares",
   "url": "https://www.datos.gov.co/d/pymi-7cgj",
   "etat": "online"
  },
  {
   "pays": "Côte d'Ivoire",
   "jeu": "Register / data of CNOA-CI",
   "format": "PDF",
   "editeur": "Ordre des Architectes de Côte d'Ivoire — Conseil National de l'Ordre",
   "url": "https://afriquemaisonettravauxtv.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Tableau-CNOA-du-29-Juillet-2024-au-29-Janvier-2025.pdf",
   "etat": "online"
  },
  {
   "pays": "Germany",
   "jeu": "Register / data of BAK",
   "format": "PDF",
   "editeur": "Bundesarchitektenkammer (federation of the 16 Länderarchitektenkammern)",
   "url": "https://bak.de/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/Bundeskammerstatistik-zum-01.01.2025-gesamt-1.pdf",
   "etat": "online"
  },
  {
   "pays": "Ghana",
   "jeu": "Register / data of ARC",
   "format": "—",
   "editeur": "Architects Registration Council",
   "url": "https://www.arc.gov.gh/architects-in-good-standing-2026/",
   "etat": "online"
  },
  {
   "pays": "Hong Kong",
   "jeu": "Register / data of ARB",
   "format": "PDF",
   "editeur": "Architects Registration Board (Cap. 408)",
   "url": "https://www.hkia.net/upload/finder/file/Membership/List%20of%20Member.pdf",
   "etat": "online"
  },
  {
   "pays": "Kenya",
   "jeu": "Register / data of BORAQS",
   "format": "PDF",
   "editeur": "Board of Registration of Architects and Quantity Surveyors",
   "url": "https://boraqs.or.ke/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/List-of-Persons-and-Firms-in-good-standing-as-at-31st-January-2025.pdf",
   "etat": "online"
  },
  {
   "pays": "Kosovo",
   "jeu": "Register / data of MMPHI",
   "format": "PDF",
   "editeur": "Ministria e Mjedisit, Planifikimit Hapësinor dhe Infrastrukturës — regjistri i arkitektëve (entry on the register; professional licence to come with the Oda)",
   "url": "https://mmphi.rks-gov.net/MMPHIFolder/OtherDocuments/REGJISTRI%20I%20ARKITEKT%C3%8BVE%20N%C3%8B%20FUSH%C3%8BN%20E%20ND%C3%8BRTIMIT.pdf",
   "etat": "online"
  },
  {
   "pays": "Latvia",
   "jeu": "Register / data of LAS/BIS",
   "format": "CSV",
   "editeur": "Certification by the centre of the Latvijas Arhitektu savienība; state register of būvspeciālisti in the BIS (Būvniecības valsts kontroles birojs)",
   "url": "https://data.gov.lv/dati/lv/dataset/bis_tbsinntysqd_qjz6vpe_tw",
   "etat": "online"
  },
  {
   "pays": "Lithuania",
   "jeu": "Register / data of LAR",
   "format": "PDF",
   "editeur": "Lietuvos architektų rūmai (Lithuanian Chamber of Architects)",
   "url": "https://www.architekturumai.lt/wp-content/uploads/2026-06-25-LAR-sarasas-Nr.-247.pdf",
   "etat": "online"
  },
  {
   "pays": "Malaysia",
   "jeu": "Register / data of LAM",
   "format": "—",
   "editeur": "Lembaga Arkitek Malaysia / Board of Architects Malaysia (Architects Act 1967)",
   "url": "https://www.lam.gov.my/search-member?atype=A",
   "etat": "online"
  },
  {
   "pays": "Malta",
   "jeu": "Register / data of Bord tal-Warrant tal-Periti (Periti Warranting Board)",
   "format": "PDF",
   "editeur": "Bord tal-Warrant tal-Periti (Periti Warranting Board)",
   "url": "https://peritiwarrant.gov.mt/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Periti-Register-2025.pdf",
   "etat": "online"
  },
  {
   "pays": "Mauritius",
   "jeu": "Register / data of PAC",
   "format": "—",
   "editeur": "Professional Architects' Council",
   "url": "https://pacmauritius.com/register-of-architects/",
   "etat": "online"
  },
  {
   "pays": "Moldova",
   "jeu": "Register / data of MIDR/OATUCL",
   "format": "PDF",
   "editeur": "Atestarea tehnico-profesională (Ministry of Infrastructure) — registers published by IP OATUCL",
   "url": "https://oatucl.md/assets/pdfs/attestation/Proiectan%C8%9Bi_6a6c936f25579.pdf",
   "etat": "online"
  },
  {
   "pays": "Monaco",
   "jeu": "Register / data of Ordre des architectes de Monaco (Conseil de l'Ordre)",
   "format": "PDF",
   "editeur": "Ordre des architectes de Monaco (Conseil de l'Ordre)",
   "url": "https://journaldemonaco.gouv.mc/Journaux/2024/Journal-8713/TABLEAU-DU-CONSEIL-DE-L-ORDRE-DES-ARCHITECTES-Exercice-2023-2025",
   "etat": "online"
  },
  {
   "pays": "Montenegro",
   "jeu": "Register / data of KAIPCG",
   "format": "—",
   "editeur": "Komora arhitekata i planera Crne Gore",
   "url": "https://www.kaipcg.me/me/registar/registar-clanova-komore",
   "etat": "online"
  },
  {
   "pays": "Pakistan",
   "jeu": "Register / data of PCATP",
   "format": "PDF",
   "editeur": "Pakistan Council of Architects and Town Planners",
   "url": "https://pcatp.org.pk/document/Final%20Voters%20List%20of%20Architects%206Feb23%20for%20website.pdf",
   "etat": "online"
  },
  {
   "pays": "Romania",
   "jeu": "Register / data of OAR",
   "format": "PDF",
   "editeur": "Ordinul Arhitecților din România",
   "url": "https://legislatie.just.ro/Public/DetaliiDocument/283258",
   "etat": "online"
  },
  {
   "pays": "Senegal",
   "jeu": "Register / data of ODAS",
   "format": "PDF",
   "editeur": "Ordre des Architectes du Sénégal",
   "url": "https://www.ordrearchitectes.sn/sites/default/files/pdf/TABLEAU%20ODAS%20ANNEE%202025%20BIS.pdf",
   "etat": "online"
  },
  {
   "pays": "South Korea",
   "jeu": "Register / data of KIRA",
   "format": "XLSX",
   "editeur": "건축사 state licence (MOLIT examination) — registration with KARB, operated by the Korea Institute of Registered Architects (대한건축사협회)",
   "url": "https://stat.molit.go.kr/portal/cate/statView.do?hFormId=5633&hRsId=372",
   "etat": "online"
  },
  {
   "pays": "Sri Lanka",
   "jeu": "Register / data of ARB",
   "format": "XLSX",
   "editeur": "Architects Registration Board (under the SLIA Act)",
   "url": "https://www.arb.lk/",
   "etat": "online"
  },
  {
   "pays": "Tanzania",
   "jeu": "Register / data of AQRB",
   "format": "—",
   "editeur": "Architects and Quantity Surveyors Registration Board",
   "url": "https://ors.aqrb.go.tz/professionals_list",
   "etat": "online"
  },
  {
   "pays": "Togo",
   "jeu": "Register / data of ONAT",
   "format": "—",
   "editeur": "Ordre National des Architectes du Togo",
   "url": "https://onat.tg/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Tableau-de-lOrdre-avril-2026-scaled.jpeg",
   "etat": "online"
  },
  {
   "pays": "Tunisia",
   "jeu": "Register / data of OAT",
   "format": "PDF",
   "editeur": "Ordre des Architectes de Tunisie",
   "url": "https://oat.tn/oat24/files/OAT2025.pdf",
   "etat": "online"
  },
  {
   "pays": "Uganda",
   "jeu": "Register / data of ARB",
   "format": "PDF",
   "editeur": "Architects Registration Board",
   "url": "https://arbuganda.go.ug/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/Architects-List-for-2026.Final_.pdf",
   "etat": "online"
  },
  {
   "pays": "United States",
   "jeu": "Register / data of NCARB",
   "format": "CSV",
   "editeur": "Licensing by state: 54 jurisdictional boards, federated within the National Council of Architectural Registration Boards",
   "url": "https://indreg.tbae.texas.gov/Reports/RegistrantRosters",
   "etat": "online"
  }
 ]
}